The Leaf THE LEAF March-April 2019 | Page 11

The drought led to the federal takeover of the Murray-Darling with the institution of the ‘Water Act 2007‘. The act was passed under the prime-ministership of John Howard and dutily supported by the *then* Basin Plan architect, water minister Malcolm Turnbull. The Plan was adopted in 2012 by Julia Gillard’s government, resulting in an independent national Murray-Darling Basin Authority, deftly side-stepping state governments vested constitutional responsibilities. The federal government invoked its international obligations for wetlands of international importance and migratory shorebirds, like the sharp-tailed sandpipers which fly to and from the Murray-Darling Basin wetlands to Russia and China each year. As stated earlier, over $13 billion was put on the table to fix the river system’s manifold problems. Much of this sum was handed off to irrigators, or used to buy back water from said irrigators at inflated prices. Additionally, a target was established: return 3200 megalitres of water to the environment each year. So, it’s now been five years since the $13 billion was allocated by the federal government… yet, the plan is failing to fulfil upon its objectives. Little has been done to alleviate the intense competition over access to water, nor much to provide clear data for the management of the basin’s water flows. Remarkably, in some parts of the basin, almost three quarters of irrigators have failed to install meters on their pumps to measure how much water they are extracting – this is over a decade since the Water Act. Late last year, the Murray-Darling Basin Authority recommended the Darling River catchments be “docked” 70,000 megalitres of environmental water, citing ‘socio-economic impact ‘. Yet, this also included selling 12,000 megalitres of environmental water initially intended for the vulnerable Macquarie Marshes. To make matters worse, the federal and NSW governments have introduced policy changes which threaten to further kneecap the plan, beginning with limiting the buyback of water by 22% from July 1, 2019. This is an average annual reduction that exceeds the volume of water in Sydney Harbour. Achieving those environmental flow targets now seems highly unlikely, with even the well-intended water buybacks coming at a high price. In 2018, the Productivity Commission began conducting a five-yearly inquiry into the effectiveness of the Basin Plan. In recent days, leaders of the NSW opposition parties have called for the government to establish a special inquiry into the state’s water management. “The scale of this disaster is extraordinary and unprecedented,” said Michael Daley, the leader of Labor. “The people of NSW have watched for 18 months as water theft scandals; water mismanagement and now ecological disasters have rocked far west rivers.” Irrigation Woes In spite of the overuse of the land and water being the obvious determining factor of this crisis, the highly resource-intensive NSW cotton industry is making it clear that they are definitely not responsible for the mass deaths of hundreds of thousands of fish in the Darling River, or any of their actions.