The Leaf THE LEAF July-August 2019 | Page 10

5 DISEASES PROVEN TO RESPOND TO CANNABIS 1. Cancer Cannabinoids, the active components of marijuana, inhibit tumour growth and also kill cancer cells. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the principal psychoactive constituent (or cannabinoid) of the cannabis plant, targets cannabinoid receptors similar in function to endocannabinoids, which are cannabinoids that are naturally produced in the body and activate these receptors. Researchers have now found that cannabidiol has the ability to ‘switch off’ the gene responsible for metastasis in an aggressive form of cancer. Importantly, this substance does not produce the psychoactive properties of the cannabis plant. A Spanish team, led by Dr Manuel Guzmon, wanted to see whether they could prevent a form of cancer (glioblastoma multiforme) from growing by cutting off its blood supply. Glioblastoma multiforme is one of the most difficult cancers to treat – it seldom responds to any medical intervention, especially conventional methods which poisoning and primitively destroy cells such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery. Genes associated with blood vessel growth in tumours through the production of a chemical called vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have their activity reduced when exposed to cannabinoids. Cannabinoids halt VEGF production by producing Ceramide. Ceramide controls cell death. Dr Manuel Guzmon tested a cannabinoid solution of patients had glioblastoma multiforme that had not responded to chemotherapy, radiotherapy or surgery. The scientists took samples from them before and after treating them with a cannabinoids solution – this was administered directly into the tumour. Amazingly, both patients experienced reduced VEGF levels in the tumour as a result of treatment with cannabinoids. A study published in the July 2002 edition of the medical journal Blood, which found that THC and some other cannabinoids produced “programmed cell death” in different varieties of human leukemia and lymphoma cell lines, thereby destroying the cancerous cells but leaving other cells unharmed. A study published in a 1975 edition of the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, which showed that THC slowed the growth of lung cancer, breast cancer and virus-induced leukemia in rats. Titled Antineoplastic activity of cannabinoids, this study was funded by the US National Institute of Health, and performed by researchers at the Medical College of Virginia. Despite the promising results, no further research was made, and the study has essentially disappeared from the scientific literature. A 1994 study, which documented that THC may protect against malignant cancers, and which was buried by the US government. The $2 million study, funded by the US Department of Health and Human Services, sought to show that large doses of THC produced cancer in rats. Instead, researchers found that massive doses of THC had a positive effect, actually slowing the growth of stomach cancers. The rats given THC lived longer than their non-exposed counterparts. The study was revoked and the results hidden for almost three years, until it was finally leaked to the media in 1997. (CC#17, THC for tumours).