The Leaf THE LEAF July - August 2018 | Page 7

potential risks have not been consistent across all studies. In Dreher’s Jamaican study, researchers found no difference between babies born to cannabis-consuming mothers and those who were not three days after birth and at 30 days. Even more interesting, Dreher’s team found that babies exposed to cannabis in the womb were considered more enjoyable to work with and showed signs of superior health, including better nervous system functioning and improved alertness. In fact, a 2016 review of scientific literature found no correlation between cannabis and negative birth outcomes. However, the meta-analysis did find that combining cannabis and tobacco was associated with higher risks of low birth weight and decreased growth. Similarly, an old 1997 review conducted in Australia analysed 34,483 women hints that it’s the amount of cannabis consumed during pregnancy that may impact outcomes on the child, not the plant itself. The research found that cannabis consumption once per week was associated with an increase in birth weight, contrasting previous studies. The OPPS and MHPCD studies also found an association between prenatal cannabis consumption and higher birth weight. Yet, mothers who consumed multiple times a week were more likely to see a decrease in birth weight. The study authors ultimately concluded, “Cannabis is unlikely to contribute to low birth weight when used in the amount typically taken by a pregnant woman.” While not conclusive in the slightest, this suggests that perhaps someday in the future, safe limits for cannabis will be established. Though, not enough research is available to support this hypothesis. 2:-THC is bloodstream breastmilk absorbed into a baby’s and is passed along in One of the major arguments for using caution with cannabis during pregnancy is because the active compound in the plant, THC, can be absorbed into the bloodstream and is passed along to the foetus. After a baby is born, THC and other cannabis compounds can also be passed along to the child via breastmilk. It's this ex posure to THC and other cannabinoids that have health professionals concerned. Cannabis compounds just so happen to engage with one of the largest neurotransmitter receptors in the human body. That neurotransmitter system is called the endocannabinoid system and it plays an important role in the development of the brain and nervous system. Most recently, research in rodent models has found that both excesses and deficiencies in endocannabinoids can cause birth and brain complications in mice. Endocannabinoids are neurotransmitter molecules similar to cannabis that the body produces naturally. For example, the research from Dr. Sudhansu Dey at the University of Cincinnati has found that foetal mice exposed to imbalances of endocannabinoids in the womb were more likely to develop seizure disorders after birth.