140 Y. El Dsouki and I. Condello: J Extra Corpor Technol 2025, 57, 137--146 Figure 3. Flowcharts A--H into a unified diagram that illustrates the entire temperature management process.
on automation by providing perfusionists with override capabilities and real-time feedback, ensuring that clinical judgment remains paramount( Figs. 3A--3H; Tables 1--5).
Discussion
The introduction of an automated temperature management algorithm for CPB represents a significant advancement in the field of cardiac surgery. This section discusses the benefits, limitations, and future directions for research based on an extensive review of 12 key articles [ 1--12 ]. Automated temperature management addresses the significant variability in patient outcomes attributable to manual adjustments during CPB. By dynamically adjusting temperatures based on continuous physiological feedback, the algorithm reduces the risk of cerebral hyperthermia and inflammatory responses that can lead to