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Cite this article as : Butt SP , Kakar V , Kumar A , Razzaq N , Saleem Y , Ali B , Raposo N , Ashiq F , Ghori A , Anderson P , Srivatav N , Aljabery Y , Abdulaziz S , Darr U & Bhatnagar G . Heparin resistance management during cardiac surgery : a literature review and future directions . J Extra Corpor Technol 2024 , 56 , 136 – 144