INGENIEUR
channelization; inter-basin raw water transfers
(Barrow, 1998) which depend on different sectors
and users. Likewise, river basin management
involves controlling pollutant flow, water utilisation,
and land use. All of these must be coordinated
within a river basin both on the upstream and
downstream side by considering the entire basin
ecosystem as a whole unit as well as accounting
for the impact of socio-economic interventions.
Towards Community Based Water
Resources Management
In many cases, IWRM in developed countries is
often motivated by local water-related issues
within the catchment area. Sometimes, it is
not recognised or termed as IWRM (Jeffery
and Gearey, 2006). For example, the northern
part of Thailand is a very good example where
community based on wetlands management
has been introduced by the Thai Government to
safeguard the vulnerable wetlands ecosystem
in order to maximise the local social-economic
(Trisurat, 2006). In fact, community based
natural resources management has a similar
philosophy to IWRM in promoting stakeholder
participation through power sharing management
and responsibility between Government and
local communities. For example Kakadu
National Park, the World He