The Ingenieur Vol 57 January-March 2014 The Ingenieur Vol 57 January-March 2014 | Page 25

Test Parameter

Min

Max

Class

pH

4.8

5.8

II-III

Chloride, Cl

1

1

I

Sulphate, SO4

<1

10

I

Iron, Fe

<0.03

1.98

I

Copper, Cu

<0.02

<0.02

I

Lead, Pb

<0.01

<0.01

I

Ammonia, N

0.21

0.41

II-III

Hydrogen Sulfida , H2S

<0.1

<0.1

Total Coliform

<1.1

2.3x10

I

E-Coli

<1.1

7.8

I

I
2

Table 2: Range of water quality results and their respective NWQS
Class

A rainwater harvesting system for the long house community in
Rumah Panjang Bair in Betong, Sarawak

Design for Rainwater
Harvesting System at the
Ministry of Natural Resources
and Environment
NAHRIM has been asked to
carry out a rainwater harvesting
project at the Ministry of Natural
Resources and Environment
(NRE) building to utilise rainwater
as an alternative water source
for flushing toilets (at ground
level) and a water feature (see
photo at bottom right of Figure
5). The system is designed to
store an estimated volume of
20m3 rainwater in a stainless
steel tank in the basement. The
total estimated water demand is
about 2m3/d, which in turn will
reduce about 480m3 of treated
water and RM770 of water bill a
year (water rates for Government
buildings
in
Putrajaya
is
RM1.61/m3). The design has
been completed and submitted
to NRE and the construction
work is expected to begin in
2014.

Figure 5: The proposed rainwater harvesting project at NRE’s building

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