The Health June 2020 | Page 28

| Insight | Remdesivir may be optimised, if proven safe and effective.” Now how does the antiviral drug work against viruses? Katherine Seley-Radtke, Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry and President-Elect of the International Society for Antiviral Research, University of Maryland, explains as follows: The antiviral activity occurs because nucleoside/tide analogues mimic the structure of a natural nucleoside or nucleotide such that they are recognised by, for example, viruses. Due to those structural modifications, however, they stop or interrupt viral replication, which prevents the virus from multiplying and infecting more cells in the body. As a result, they are known as directacting antivirals and this is the case for Remdesivir, which works by blocking the coronavirus’s RNA polymerase – one of the critical enzymes that this virus needs to replicate its genetic material (RNA) and generate in our bodies. Remdesivir works when the protein reproducing the genetic material for a new generation of viruses accidentally grabs this nucleoside analogue rather than the natural molecule and incorporates it into the growing RNA strand. Doing this blocks the rest of the RNA from being replicated; this, in turn, prevents the virus from multiplying. — The Health Unlike traditional drug development, we are attempting to evaluate an investigational agen alongside an evolving g pandemic. Multiple con studies are helping inf whether Remdesivir is and effective treatmen Covid-19 and how to ut drug best.” — Merdad P