The Health June 2020 | Page 26

14 THE HEALTH | JUNE, 2020 By Khirtini K Kumaran REMDESIVIR, an antiviral drug developed by Gilead Sciences Inc., an American biotechnology company, is an investigational nucleotide analogue with broad-spectrum antiviral activity both in vitro and in vivo in animal models against multiple emerging viral pathogens, including Ebola, Marburg, MERS and SARS. Remdesivir originally was found during a drug discovery programme at Gilead to search for inhibitors of the hepatitis C virus, which is another RNA virus. Although Gilead ultimately selected a different nucleoside analogue for the treatment of hepatitis, the company tested the drug to see if it was effective against other RNA viruses. In vitro testing conducted by Gilead has demonstrated that Remdesivir is active against the virus that causes Covid-19. The safety and efficacy of Remdesivir for the treatment of Covid-19 are being evaluated in multiple ongoing Phase 3 clinical trials. Towards the end of April, Gilead Sciences Inc announced results from Phase 3 of the clinical trial on investigational antiviral Remdesivir in patients with severe Covid- 19. The latest result of the study showed similar efficacy with 5- and 10-day dosing durations of Remdesivir. Group Treatment The study demonstrated that patients receiving a 10-day treatment course of Remdesivir achieved similar improvement in clinical status compared with those taking a 5-day treatment course. No new safety signals were identified with Remdesivir across either treatment group. Gilead plans to submit the full data for publication in a peer-reviewed journal in the coming weeks. “Unlike traditional drug development, we are attempting to evaluate an investigational agent alongside an evolving global pandemic. Multiple concurrent studies are helping inform whether Remdesivir is a safe and effective treatment for Covid-19 and how to utilise the drug best,” said Merdad Parsey, MD, PhD, Chief Medical Officer, Gilead Sciences. “These study results complement data from the placebo-controlled study of Remdesivir conducted by the National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases and help to determine the optimal duration of treatment with Remdesivir. The study demonstrates the potential for some patients to be treated with a 5-day regimen, which could significantly expand the number of patients who could be treated with our current supply of Remdesivir. This is particularly important in the setting of a pandemic, to help hospitals and healthcare workers treat more patients in urgent need of care.” Remdesivir is not yet licensed or approved anywhere globally. It has not, however, proven to be safe or effective for the treatment of Covid-19. This study sought to determine whether a shorter, 5-day course of Remdesivir would achieve similar efficacy results as the 10-day treatment regimen used in multiple ongoing studies of Remdesivir. Secondary objectives included rates of adverse events and additional measures of clinical response in both treatment groups. Patients were required to have evidence of pneumonia and reduced oxygen levels that did not require mechanical ventilation at the time of study entry. Clinical improvement was defined as an improvement of two or more points from Remde A poten treatm Covid-1 The antiviral dru a clinical trial, sh results for Covid- Aruna Subramanian, MD, Clinical Professor of Medicine, Chief, Immunocompromised Host Infectious Diseases, Stanford University, School of Medicine. Katherine Seley-Radtke, Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry and President-Elect of the International Society for Antiviral Research, University of Maryland,