The Health August/September 2020 | Page 20

20 The Health | august-September, 2020 | Innovation | Dr Laksana Tri Handoko Datuk Dr Mohd Yusoff Prof Dr M Iqbal Choudhary Prof Dr Hasan Mandal BY KHIRTINI K KUMARAN The recent Road to Recovery webinar organised by the Malaysian Industry-Government Group for High Technology (MIGHT) highlighted the different experiences of nations fighting the Covid-19 pandemic. Local and international panellists shared interesting perspectives. But the one common factor in fighting the virus was the importance of science and technology. Episode 4 of the webinar series was titled ‘Technology for Better Healthcare: Covid-19 and Beyond’ and focussed on issues relating to healthcare and its broader implication to society’s wellbeing. It also touched on strengthening the delivery of healthcare services. The panellists were Prof Dr Hasan Mandal, President of The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK), Dr Laksana Tri Handoko, chairman of the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Prof Dr M. Iqbal Choudhary, coordinator general of COMSTECH and Director of International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS) at University of Karachi, Pakistan; and Datuk Dr Mohd Yusoff Sulaiman, President and CEO of Malaysian Industry- Government Group for High Technology (MIGHT). Prof Tan Sri Zakri Abdul Hamid, Chairman of Atri Advisory and Global Ambassador of Campaign for Nature, moderated the webinar. Sharing on the pandemic response in Malaysia, Dr Mohd Yusoff said: “Although Malaysia was not the top in terms of emergency response, once the government took action, it became evident they were severe, and the reaction gave a good result. “Malaysia responded with massive utilisation of its healthcare services and technologies and has so far conducted testing for almost half a million people.” The rapid decision by the government to implement the Movement Control Order (MCO) was fruitful. The authorities were transparent with their directions and Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for the public. Dr Mohd Yusoff especially credited the effective communication of the experts. “Science advisory is a good way of communicating and getting the attention of whether the leaders or the people.” Referring to the Health Director- General Datuk Dr Noor Hisham Abdullah, he said: “We need more of these icons for us to converse with the leadership. They may not be scientists but they presented these science issues and challenges in layman’s terms so it could easily be understood. “It’s good to have some form of economic prosperity and enough funds to do a lot of things but as we can see that alone will not solve the pandemic issues.” He asserted the willingness of leaders to listen to the epidemiologist and scientists was vital in handling situations such as this pandemic. Using technology to fight Covid-19 International panellists reveal how technology helped their nations fight the pandemic Malaysia responded with massive utilisation of its healthcare services and technologies and has so far conducted testing for almost half a million people.” – Dr Mohd Yusoff “Decisions are best made based on the inputs from experts,” he said. Effective communication by the experts Turkey’s Prof Dr Hasan Mandal detailed on their Covid-19 Turkey Platform. The platform was launched in a record 10 days and involved vaccine and drug development by over 260 researchers from universities, public R&D units, private sector and scholars. “There are scholarships to support about 300 young researchers and scholars to take part in Covid-19 R&D projects,” Dr Hasan Mandal said. These were efforts to mobilise and strengthen their science-based response. Dr Hasan added they were in the process of developing a new diagnostic kit based on nanotechnology that can be an alternative to the PCR-based diagnostic kit. Meanwhile, Dr Laksana Tri Handoko and Prof Dr M. Iqbal Choudhary acknowledged initially there were hurdles in their respective countries. Yet, the cooperation and the contribution of members of the scientific and technology community remedied the situation. For Indonesia, the main challenge was its vast and scattered population. Dr Handako said Indonesia faced a severe shortage of rapid test kits. “The current golden standard for testing technology, the PCR tests, are quite expensive. That is the reason why we at LIPI are developing what we call the alternative technology comparable to the PCR test, which is less expensive. “The main contribution from science and technology in terms of Covid-19 is of course first and foremost delivering the vaccine as soon as possible,” he added. As such, they have established a Research Consortium involving research institutes, universities and local private companies. They are actively engaged in the research and development of Covid-19 medication. Dr Iqbal said there were many considerable hurdles, but the Pakistan government was quick to listen to the scientific community for inputs and solutions. “There was a strong realisation that without the deployment of science, we could not handle the pandemic. When the first case of Covid-19 was reported in Pakistan, there was no testing facility. “No one knew how to handle this crisis, and there were not many people who could understand the epidemiology and modelling of the disease. We did not have enough hospitals and isolation infrastructure,” he said. However, within one month, Pakistan went from 100 per cent reliance on imported healthcare equipment to 80 per cent of it locally-produced. He added local production had since increased and they have started exporting as well. Also, their engineering universities have developed, deployed and provided a new kind of low-cost ventilators. Dr Iqbal noted: “Of course it is not optimal as the imported ventilators, but they are good enough to provide good saturation levels to patient. There is a difference between healthcare facilities and the healthcare system.” Dr Iqbal also pointed out while the United States may have excellent healthcare facilities, there was inequality in its system to provide equal healthcare access to the public. Contribution of social science and humanities during a crisis While it was agreed science and technology played a vital role in combating the pandemic and adapting to a new norm and lifestyle, the contribution of social science and humanities in policymaking during a crisis should not be dismissed. Dr Hasan Mandal said Turkey mobilised social science and humanities research committees to tackle the social-economic situation. “This was a learning path during this pandemic, and so when we are planning for the next problem, there will be much more involvement of social science and humanities in our system.” Dr Handako said: “LIPI covers all research fields from natural sciences to social sciences. Since the beginning of the pandemic, LIPI researchers from various fields have been involved in the policymaking led by our national Covid-19 task force.” He stated that it was a very critical period for nations to develop a new policy to support the modern lifestyle of living with the virus as well as post-Covid-19. It is undeniable that the pandemic has brought the importance of science and technology to the forefront. The four panellist countries have heavily incorporated science and technology in their efforts to deal with the pandemic. Incidentally, the panellists at this webinar series are also members of the Centre of Excellence (COE), established during the KL Summit last year. The COE is aimed at bringing together organisations from Muslim-majority countries and experts from renowned universities and research laboratories to share their knowledge and facilities. The Road to Recovery webinar series is available for viewing at MIGHT’s YouTube channel (https://www.youtube.com/ MiGHTmalaysia). — The Health