The Gold Book of Nafplio | Page 7

Το άγαλμα του Κολοκοτρώνη | Kolokotronis Statue One of the most historical towns in Greece, Nafplio, the first capital of the Greek state played a key role in historical, political and cultural occasions of major importance during the previous centuries. In antiquity it was known as Nafplia. Founder of Nafplion (= naval city) is allegedly the homonymous mythical hero, Nafplios, son of Poseidon and father of Palamedes.In the Mycenaean era, it was a powerful naval state. During the Middle Ages it emerged as a hegemony and experienced the reign of Byzantines, Vene- tians and Franks. In 1388 it was occupied by the Venetians, in 1540 by the Turks, in 1686 again by the Venetians with Morosini and in 1715 the Turks occupied it again and in 1822, during the Greek War of Independence, the city was liberated by Nikitaras. In 1823 it be- came the seat of the provisional government of Greece were established. In 1827, after the decision of the National Assembly, Nafplio is made the seat of governor Kapodistrias and the capital of newly liberated Greece. In 1834 the first king of the country, Otto, dis- embarked here and the city remained capital of the new kingdom until 1834, when Otto decided to move the capital to Athens.The city is also known from the trials of Kolokot- ronis and Plapoutas, prominent figures of the Greek war of Independence, which were held here, as well as from the imprisonment of Kolokotronis at the castle of Palamidi (1834). On 27 September 1831 Kapodistrias was murdered outside the church of Saint Spyri- don. On 1 February 1862 Nafplion revolted against the reign of Otto. 7