The Fox Focus | Page 2

THE FOX FOCUS... ON RESEARCH With leadership from The Michael J. Fox Foundation, drug companies put patients first in unusual collaboration. by maggie mcguire T he Michael J. Fox Foundation has united three competing pharmaceutical companies in a consortium to advance the development of drugs targeting LRRK2. Mutations in the LRRK2 gene are the most common genetic cause of Parkinson’s disease (PD). While genetic cases of PD are rare, understanding the genetics of PD can lead to treatments for everyone with the disease. For this reason, LRRK2 is of great interest to drugmakers, who see the possibility for a diseasemodifying medication (a drug that could slow or stop the progression of PD) in so-called LRRK2 inhibitors. Researchers hypothesize that lowering activity with these drugs could protect brain cells from the damage caused by PD. With the goal of accelerating progress on LRRK2, MJFF has established a roadmap for studying the target and has funded $90 million in LRRK2 research to date. A bump in the road Every drug must overcome hurdles on its path to market. Last January, one such potential hurdle was identified for LRRK2 inhibitors. In a paper published in the journal Science Translational Medicine, authors from biotechnology company Genentech and MJFF reported that they had observed changes in the lung tissue of pre-clinical models after introducing a LRRK2 inhibitor. “We don’t know if the changes would have a negative effect, but any modification is a reason to pause and to consider the safety of the therapy for 2 THE FOX FOCUS humans,” said Brian Fiske, PhD, MJFF vice president of research programs and an author on the paper. “Nonetheless, LRRK2 remains one of our top priority targets for a therapy to stop or slow Parkinson’s.” MJFF organizes drug development leaders to move forward Concerns around LRRK2 inhibitors first came to light early in 2014. MJFF rapidly organized a meeting with field leaders. Because kinase inhibitors are a common class of drugs, a handful of companies already had compounds designed to target LRRK2. Strategizing to ensure the future of LRRK2 drug development, MJFF proposed a consortium approach to illuminate the nature and scale of safety issues surrounding LRRK2. Research groups from Genentech, Merck and Pfizer signed on to join the LRRK2 Safety Initiative. As members of the consortium, each group submits a different LRRK2 inhibitor compound for independent testing to determine if some inhibitors are safer than others — that is, whether changes in lung tissue varied depending on the inhibitor used. Data on each compound is shared across the consortium. This is a highly unusual arrangement in the competitive world of drug development. But the members recognize that by working together, they’re more efficiently growing the field-wide understanding of the safety and impact of LRRK2 inhibitors. continued on page 12 › THE SHERER REPORT A NOTE FROM OUR CEO “What should we be aware of this Parkinson’s Awareness Month?” We declare it to our loved ones. We tweet it, blog it and post it on Facebook: April is Parkinson’s Awareness Month. But of what, exactly, are we trying to raise awareness? At The Michael J. Fox Foundation, we want Parkinson’s families to be aware that we’re making real progress on the road to a ne