The Fox Focus Spring/Summer 2019 | Page 10

Research EMERGING DRUG TARGETS: TAKING MORE SHOTS ON GOAL by KRISHNA KNABE THE MICHAEL J. FOX FOUNDATION (MJFF) takes a holistic approach to finding improved treatments and a cure for Parkinson’s disease. We support research to define, measure and treat Parkinson’s. Each time scientists uncover a new finding that helps us define the causes of Parkinson’s, they give us a potential new target for drugs to treat it. In 2018, we supported 17 new projects through our Target Advancement Program. These diverse research studies are helping us understand new targets and translate that knowledge into the development of Parkinson’s treatments. EMERGING GENETIC TARGETS We continue to learn more about genes associated with Parkinson’s disease, and how they affect processes and pathways in our brains. Multiple teams are examining how mutations in the PRKN and PINK1 genes disrupt normal processes of mitochondria, the cell’s powerhouse. Other teams are investigating alpha-synuclein, a protein encoded by the gene SNCA. Researchers are looking into targets that interact with or regulate alpha-synuclein, such as glycoproteins, calcium channels and even other genes. INFLAMMATION Inflammation is a friend and foe in the brain. It can protect cells from infection but, when it becomes chronic, can damage those same cells. Multiple groups of researchers are exploring targets that can lessen that damage while preserving beneficial immune response. NOVEL TARGETS One of the core values of MJFF is our willingness to take risks on new ideas, when the science supports it. Several of the targets we are funding represent the bright edge of Parkinson’s research, but they have the potential to develop into the most exciting drugs in the pipeline. One of these novel targets is neuromelanin, a dark pigment that appears to accumulate in people with Parkinson’s. MJFF funding seeks to validate as many new targets as possible so researchers can develop therapies for them. Our goal is a diverse pipeline of treatments heading toward the patients who need them. 10 The Fox Focus