The Export Brief The Export Brief 2 | Page 51

That is how high-income economies run and if Nigeria is aspiring to achieve high- income economy status, there are no other options. and development. They know that universities could open up great opportunities to an enormous global pool of talent and skills. A situation where university and industry exist so far apart from each other clearly undermine their roles in informing the pace, form and direction of social- economic advancement in the country. The challenge is how to close the gap between the two. Institutions of higher education in Nigeria therefore need to, as a matter of urgency, invest in structures that link students to industry, especially now when the world is looking to Africa (and Nigeria, in particular) as the next frontier for international trade. Research and Development as a bridge How do we make sure that higher education is linked to current market needs, to boost growth that enhances holistic national progress? Firstly, both sides already recognize the mutual benefits and the potential spill-over to the economy of this kind of collaboration. University administrators understand that if they are to remain relevant, they need to train graduates fitting the job market, and concretize and try out concepts created in the real world. On their part, Industries also acknowledge that to successfully innovate, they cannot exclusively rely on their internal research Firstly, both universities and industries have different expectations. Often, universities interested in pursuing linkages (and technology transfer) do not know where to look for companies that need certain technologies. One reason for this is the fragmented nature of the private sector in Nigeria. Another possible reason is that most business organizations in Nigeria operate with informal business structures that make it difficult to effectively create sustainable, professional linkages. On their part, industries may find it difficult getting specific expertise in universities. In some cases, they don‘t even know which institutions to approach for the kind of expertise they may need. This could be a function of the way Universities in Nigeria are currently structured. The Industrial training arrangement – where University students spend a year in industry – has not been effective either in this respect. There are also issues surrounding ownership of patents, loss or ownership of property rights and sharing of benefits. In addition, universities and industries in Nigeria typically have different work rhythms and ethics.