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Intelligence without a Brain: The Intriguing Story of the Discovery of Plant Intelligence Plants might have intelligence, here’s why. A book was published in 2017, written by Stefano Mancuso, who leads the International Laboratory of Plant Neurobiology at the University of Florence. The book is called The Revolutionary Genius of Plants: A New Understanding of Plant Intelligence and Behavior. In the book, Mancuso tells us about him remaking an experiment that René Desfontaines, a French botanist, commanded a student to carry out. According to the experiment plan, the student was going to observe the behavior of Mimosa pudica while riding on a carriage and touring around Paris. Here is the issue: Mimosa pudica is a plant which responds quickly to a single touch, closing its beautifully colored purple leaves. How would this defensive plant deal with the disturbing vibrations of the carriage? That was the question Desfontaines had in mind. The results were shocking. First, the Mimosa pudica plant closed its leaves. However, eventually it became “used to” the vibrations, and despite its striking self- defense mechanism, it opened its leaves. “Would it be possible to come up with a remake of this classic experiment, recasting it in such a way as to make it scientifically plausible?” says Mancuso in his book. He creates an up-to-date remake of this signature experiment. He places the plants in jars, and he drops the plants from about a 4 inch (10.16 cm) height. Then he reiterates the experiment. The results are similar to the results of Desfontaines’ experiment: after repeating the experiment for about seven or eight times, the plants get accustomed to the situation; realizing that it has no danger, they leave their leaves open. Prepare to get more “shocked”. This action, in other words, “memory”, of the plants lasted for forty days. The plants not only distinguished what is dangerous and what is not for them but also remembered them. These results could mean only one thing: Mimosa pudica, which is only a “brainless, unintelligent plant” as what we would have defined, had the ability to learn information and keeping the learned information in their memory for forty days. 58 THE CLAPPER 2018 - 2019 Although it is still unclear how this super intelligent plant has no brain but has a wide memory and the ability of learning, we know something for a fact. Epigenetics might have something to do with the establishment of such a memory. Epigenetics is, as the Collins Dictionary defines it, the study of heritable changes that occur without a change in the DNA sequence. This example is not the only example of the theory that plants might have “intelligence” after all. As Mancuso mentions, another example of plant memory is how they remember the time that they must bloom. In a nutshell, the organisms that we believe can never reach our level of intelligence might be as intelligent as we are, and maybe even more. Including this captivating theory, out there, there are a lot of mysteries of our Earth, and we have yet to discover. Bibliography Definition of Epigenetics. (n.d.). Retrieved from Collins Dictionary: https://www.collinsdictionary.com/ dictionary/english/epigenetics Ehrenberg, R. (2018, September 18). Smart plants can teach us a thing or two. Retrieved from ScienceNews: https://www.sciencenews.org/article/smart-plants- can-teach-us-thing-or-two Mancuso, S. (2017). The Revolutionary Genius of Plants: A New Understanding of Plant Intelligence and Behavior. Simon & Schuster Audio and Blackstone Audio. Caption for image: Mimosa pudica (Photo taken by: Uthpala Shyamendra Retrieved from: https:// unsplash.com/photos/RoRoAQTSnEU) Begüm Filiz ÖZ 9 - D