THE CLAPPER 2018-2019 | Page 56

SOME FRESH RESEARCH ABOUT BRAIN CELLS Recently, research ran in Spain by a group of scientists. The research was on brain tissues donated by 13 individuals who died aged 43 to 87, who were healthy before their deaths. It was found that between the ages of 40 and 70, the number of fresh neurons being made fell from about 40000 to 30000 per cubic millimeter. The new fresh cells are produced in a part of the brain called the dentate gyrus, which is part of the hippocampus. Memory, mood, and emotion are some of the things that hippocampus controls. While many scientists agree with the results, some scientists disagree. Their reason is that different tests and tissues give different results. The scientists then analyzed brain tissues from 45 patients aged 52 to 97 who had been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease before their death. It was seen that although they had fresh brain cells in their dentate gyrus, not all of the cells were healthy ones. Patients with Alzheimer were also shown to only have between half and three quarters as many fresh neurons as people without Alzheimer's. This showed that that in healthy people’s brains there are more fresh neurons than patients with Alzheimer's. As research now indicates, the difference between a healthy person and a patient with Alzheimer's can be shown by monitoring the number of fresh brain cells being made. A brain scan can help to identify Alzheimer's disease at an earlier age and before it has taken hold too much, a patient can be diagnosed as having the disease. 56 THE CLAPPER 2018 - 2019 Caption to go with image : This microscopic view shows tissue from the dentate gyrus, part of the hippocampus, of a man who died at 68. He had a healthy brain at the time of his death. In the image, fresh brain cells are in red and mature ones in blue. Photograph: CSIC via Nature References Sample, I. (2019, March 25). Humans can make new brain cells into their 90s, scientists discover. Retrieved from The Guardian Newspaper: https://www. theguardian.com/science/2019/mar/25/humans-can- make-new-brain-cels-into-their-90s-scientists-discover Ahmet Fatih ZEGEREK 9-A