The Catalyst Issue 6 | Spring 2010 | Page 23

“The important thing is to start the conversation with your physician. Take an active role and bring up the subject if your doctor does not.” —Andrejs Avots-Avotins, MD Avotins. A polyp is an abnormal growth, which can eventually become cancerous if not removed. The gold standard for screening is a colonoscopy, which is an internal examination of the entire colon (large intestine), under sedation using an instrument called a colonoscope. Most exams take 30 minutes or less and patients may experience some mild discomfort. Patients receive their screening exam results immediately along with information about any recommended follow-up measures. Alternative screening exams include fecal occult blood testing (FOBT), flexible sigmoidoscopy which examines the lower portion of the colon (large intestine), barium enema (BE), X-ray of the colon (large intestine) and a virtual colonoscopy (CT scan of the colon). These are alternatives to a colonoscopy, but each individual should talk to his or her physician about the right test, based on the patient’s need. “The screening guidelines can be complicated, and the effectiveness varies among the tests. But any screening is better than no screening,” says Dr. AvotsAvotins. “The important thing is to start the conversation with your physician. Take an active role and bring up the subject if your doctor does not.” Barriers to screening Screening makes the difference. “Ageadjusted cancer death rates are decreasing, and have been since the late 1980s due to better treatment, better surgeries, and in part because we’re finding earlier-stage cancers, which are more treatable,” says Dr. Avots-Avotins. “But because screening rates are still lower than what is recommended, less than 40 percent of colorectal cancers are found early. “ Besides lack of information or squeamishness, one obstacle to screening can be the time required to prepare for a colonoscopy. One day is spent on preparation by clearing the colon with liquids and laxatives, and the second day requires sedation and a safe ride home. One way Scott & White helps make it convenient for patients is by offering a Saturday clinic twice a month in Temple and once a month at the Fishpond Clinic in Waco, to better serve the community. An auto-reminder program for patients to schedule colonoscopies has increased compliance for follow-up screenings after the initial exam. However, its technology desperately needs to be updated and Dr. Avots-Avotins hopes that philanthropy can fill that gap. “We want to make it easier for people to have access to this potentially lifesaving screening. We want to remove any obstacles we can. If we could get the vast majority of people screened and then enrolled in a follow-up program to keep them on schedule for future screenings, that would do a great deal of good.” ■ Dr. Avots-Avotins also is an associate professor of internal medicine, the Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine. Colon Cancer Risk Factors  Age 50 or older  Family history of colon cancer or polyps Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis for a decade or more  African American heritage  Breast cancer or any female reproductive cancer, such as ovarian cancer  Obesity sw.org | Spring 10 THE CATALYST 23