The Catalyst Issue 18 | April 2014 | Page 21

The new Warriors Research Institute and its collaborators have a mission: to define better treatments for the unique health problems affecting hundreds of thousands of war veterans and first responders. These health problems are the conditions that persist in the aftermath of modern warfare, usually for many years after the battle is over. They include the devastating psychological effects of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the persistent neurological difficulties resulting from traumatic brain injury (TBI), and Gulf War Illness (GWI), the disabling condition resulting from hazardous exposures during the 1990-1991 Gulf War. he brain closely guards its secrets. Scientists have unlocked many of them, but significant mysteries remain: What happens to the warrior after intense psychological trauma? Why is one person—a soldier on the battlefield, or a firefighter battling a blaze— affected by a chronic cascade of symptoms over his or her lifetime, while another may respond favorably to treatment of symptoms, or remain asymptomatic altogether? Military personnel and emergency responders suffer from the long-term effects of intense psychological trauma— often repeated trauma—much more commonly than the general population. This often includes experiences where T their own lives are threatened, or they witness devastating effects on others. Traumatic exposure produces an onslaught of acute psychological and physical reactions. For many, these reactions last long enough to become symptoms; when symptoms become chronic, people exposed to trauma can develop PTSD. Some people will live with mild to severe disability attributed solely to PTSD, while others simultaneously suffer from co-occurring medical diagnoses, including mental health conditions such as depression, substance use disorders, and anxiety. In addition, people with PTSD are at increased risk for heart disease, chronic pain, and certain types of cancer. Getting to the bottom of PTSD and the co-occurring conditions associated with it is the primary focus of the institute. Beyond the psychological trauma of war, recent deployments have given rise to an unprecedented number of returning war veterans with medical conditions we are just beginning to understand. As the research within the institute grows, so does the collaborative research programs focused on the unique injuries of the Gulf War and those from the current Global War on Terror. Although scientists have begun to decipher the biological pathways that underlie veterans’ symptoms, effective treatments are not available for the hundreds of thousands of veterans who continue to suffer from these conditions. Researchers at the Brain Injury Neurorehabilitation sw.org | April 14 THE CATALYST 21