Test Drive | Page 34

Summary We are on a journey to Mars. In the next few decades, NASA will take steps toward establishing a sustainable human presence beyond Earth, not just to visit but to stay. NASA’s near-term activities focus on increasing our capacity to operate, work, and live in space while characterizing future destinations with the help of robotic science missions. Pioneering space begins with the ISS to ensure we have the reliable, long-duration systems necessary for human missions to Mars. In the Proving Ground, we will validate key capabilities through EM-1 and EM-2 along with ARM, SEP, cislunar habitation, and long-duration testing and operations. These and subsequent missions will target challenges and strategic knowledge gaps while helping develop the core capabilities necessary to expand human activity farther into deep space. Pioneering space will require a flexible, integrated, and sustained effort to develop the capabilities and tools necessary to support humans throughout our solar system. Future missions will face increasingly difficult challenges associated with transportation, working in space, and staying healthy. Many of these challenges are solved or are currently being addressed on the ISS. For the rest, NASA and our partners will leverage the Proving Ground with science missions and capability demonstrations to close the remaining gaps and ensure we have the ability to get to Mars, land safely, live and work productively, and return. 33