Test Drive | Page 75

Chapter  4:  Context  and  contextual  changes     Figure  4.2:  GNP  per  capita  PPP  in  current  international  dollars     Source:  World  Bank   4.2.2    Population  and  health   The  Yemeni  population  has  been  growing  at  an  annual  rate  of  3  percent  from  almost  20  million  in  2005  to  24.5   million   in   2012   (see   Figure   4.3).   Several   social   development   indicators   show   a   steady   trend   of   improvement   over   the   period   of   1994   and   2012   (the   period   during   which   data   are   available   on   all   mentioned   indicators,   example  of  data  at  three  points  in  time  are  show  in  Table  4.1).     Table  4.1:  Social  indicators     Social  indicator   1994   2004   2012   Death  rate,  crude  (per  1,000  people)   11   8   7   Birth  rate,  crude  (per  1,000  people)   47   36   31   Life  expectancy  at  birth,  male  (years)   58   60   62   Life  expectancy  at  birth,  female  (years)   60   63   64   Fertility  rate,  total  (births  per  woman)   7.8   5.6   4.2   Immunization,   DPT   (%   of   children   aged   12-­‐23   33   months)   78   82   Maternal   mortality   ratio   (modelled   estimate,   per   420  (1995)   100,000  live  births)   330  (2005)   270  (2013)   Literacy  rate,  adult  total  (%  of  people  aged  15  and   37   above)   55   66   Source:  World  Bank     Despite  the  improvement  in  the  abovementioned  areas,  we  would  like  to  highlight  a  few  discrepancies  in  other   equally   important   socio-­‐economic   indicators.