8 . ( I ) The word ” surrealism ” comes from French and means ” super realism ” . ( II ) In 1924 , Andre Breton published a ‘ surrealistic manifesto ’, claiming that art should come from unconscious . ( III ) Upon regaining consciousness , he didn ’ t take long to go back to work . ( IV ) The artist should derive the freest possible inspiration from his dream images and strive towards a ‘ super realism ’. ( V ) Thus , the boundaries between dream and reality can be dissolved .
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9 . ( I ) Anyone who has ever visited a foreign country probably remembers the shock of that initial contact with a new culture .( II ) People , places , customs and even time seem completely different and strange . ( III ) People ' s need to know and talk about the future is of course nothing new . ( IV ) The stimulation of so many new things all at once produces a feeing of disorientation or fatigue often referred to as culture shock . ( V ) It takes time for people to accustom themselves to a new environment .
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10 . A common area of disagreement within the family is how much freedom the adolescent should have , ( n ) Parents often feel that an adolescent is not mature enough to have the freedom he or she insists on taking . ( Ill ) Experts advise giving children small responsibilities from a young age so that they grow up to be responsible adults . ( IV ) Many adolescents resent being treated like children and often respond to discipline with anger and sometimes with defiant behaviour . ( V ) This difference and a seeming lack of understanding are what is often referred to as the generation gap .
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11 . ( I ) Cairo is a seething , breathing monster of a city that swallows new arrivals and consumes those who return . ( II )' All are destined to be captured and captivated in some small way by its incredible past and vibrant present .( Ill ) There are few , if any , cities in the world where the clash between old and new , modern and traditional , and east and west is more evident . ( IV ) Cairo is still the heart of Egypt and is called the Mother . of the World . ( V ) Tall , gleaming hotels and office buildings overlook streets where cars and buses rumble and weave past donkey carts and their stubborn drivers .
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12 . ( I ) In Judaism , Christianity and Islam , religion has traditionally been defined as belief in and worship of one God . ( II ) Three of the world ' s major religions regard Jerusalem as a holy city . ( III ) The city has served as the center of Jewish life for 3,000 years . ( IV ) To Christians it is sacred as it was the city where Jesus preached . ( V ) In the religion of Islam , Jerusalem is nearly as sacred as the holy cities of Mecca and Medina in Saudi Arabia .
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13 . ( I ) Water — oceans , seas , gulfs and straits — covers about 71 percent of the Earth ' s surface . ( II ) The continents are distributed unevenly over the Earth ' s surface . ( III ) More than 65 percent of all the land area , for example , lies in the Northern Hemisphere . ( IV ) Thus it is often referred to as the " land hemisphere ". ( V ) The Southern Hemisphere , on the other hand , is truly an oceanic realm , with only about 11 percent above water .
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14 . ( I ) Most foundations make grants to other organisations , but only a few conduct their own research programs . ( II ) The Rockefeller Foundation is an outstanding example of a great foundation that originates research with its own staff . ( III ) Beginning with John D . Rockefeller , the Rockefeller family established itself as one of the greatest industrial families in American history . ( IV ) In the past it worked on the causes and elimination of yellow fever , malaria and hookworm . ( V ) It also has helped develop highyielding wheat and rice strains that have made a major impact on many underdeveloped nations .
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