8 . ( I ) Tides are the result of the gravitational pull of both the Moon and the Sun which cause a swell of water to sweep across the oceans twice a day . ( II ) Even so , in some parts of the world one is hardly aware of high tide and low tide . ( III ) This swell is only about 1 metre high , but it contains a huge volume of water . ( IV ) As it tries to squeeze into a tight inlet , the result can be a substantial rise in sea level at high tide and a huge tidal range . ( V ) The world ' s largest tidal range is thought to be in the Bay of Fundy in Nova Scotia .
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9 . ( I ) The remotely operated vehicle ( ROV ), Jason II , resembles its predecessor , but nearly every component has been much improved . ( II ) To start with , it is bigger , so it can retrieve more material from the ocean floor . ( III ) Further , a second manipulator arm has been added which has increased maneuverability and power . ( IV ) Another advantage is the fact that it can function at greater depths . ( V ) Indeed , a lot of people feel that the costs of ROV technology are in excess of its usefulness .
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11 . ( I ) The sugars lactose , sucrose , and maltose are broken down by the enzymes lactase , sucrase , and maltase , which are located in the lining of the small intestine . ( II ) Normally , the enzymes break these sugars into simple sugars , such as glucose , which are then absorbed into the blood through the intestinal wall . ( III ) If the necessary enzyme is lacking , the sugars are digested , and they can ’ t be absorbed . ( IV ) Thus , they remain in the small intestine , and the resulting high concentration of sugar draws fluid into the small intestine , causing diarrhea . ( V ) The nutritional deficiencies resulting from malabsorption can cause additional symptoms .
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12 . ( I ) Most children , from time to time , show aggressive tendencies . ( II ) This is entirely normal , and should be regarded as so . ( III ) In fact , children should be encouraged to express their aggression fully through creative activities and exploration . ( IV ) For this , a safe , suitable background must be provided . ( V ) Actually more accidents occur indoors than they do outdoors .
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10 . ( I ) ' Each day is a journey , and the journey itself is home ', the poet Matsuo Basho wrote more than 300 years ago in the first entry of his masterpiece Narrow Road to a Far Province . ( II ) Today , Basho is the first writer that many Japanese read seriously , and many people admire his poetry . ( III ) Thousands of people make pilgrimages to his birthplace and burial shrine , and travel parts of Basho ’ s Trail . ( IV ) After three centuries , his Narrow Road still speaks to readers around the world . ( V ) After his master died , Basho spent most of his life in Kyoto .
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13 . ( I ) Science , which was once thought to provide the answer to all human needs , has proved its inner contradiction . ( II ) On the one hand , it has enormously broadened and disseminated man ’ s understanding of himself and of his environment , while on the other hand it has unleashed forces of immense destructive potential . ( III ) The prime example is of course nuclear power . ( IV ) This ambivalence of science has destroyed the belief that science is essentially good in human terms and that the more science there is , the better it is for man . ( V ) Therefore , governments are urged to allocate more resources for further scientific research .
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