TechSmart 121, October 2013 TechSmart 133, Octobert 2014 | Page 31

SCIENCE Showing that there’s a lot of mystery still left here on Earth, how about this weird group of mushroom-like sea creatures? Collected way back in 1986 at the Australian coast, scientists have for the first time now provided it with scientific names (Dendrogramma enigmatica and D. discoides) and a genus (Dendrogramma). The creatures are so strange and outlandish that it might even be a separate phylum altogether. SCIENCE PIC OF THE MONTH Source: bit.ly/1r5mfTM Life is full of questions that need smart answers. We can help. FROM BRAIN TO AIM Was it the fearsome Tyrannosaurus rex? Nope, this creature is called use your head, says a new study. What type of dinosaur was Dread? It of brain areas when study participants reached either towards the absolute location of a target or towards a target located relative to a visual landmark. Dreadnoughtus schrani. At 26 m long, weighing in at about 60 tonnes and sporting a weaponised tail, Dread made T.rex look like My Little Pony. belonged to a group of plant eaters called titanosaurs. But because previously found fossils of very large titanosaurs are very incomplete, fairly little is known about these dinosaurs. Why is the find significant? For starters, finding such a well-preserved and almost complete skeleton is rare. And since both a complete thigh bone and upper arm bone of this specimen were found, scientists could calculate its size reliably. Scans also revealed where the muscles attached to the bones, which can help to explain biomechanics of this type of dinosaur. Source: bit.ly/1uYO93b October 2014 | TechSmart How can you improve your aim? Just Huh? Researchers compared the activation And what did the results show? It seems the brain interprets incoming information about a visual target differently based on whether the location is referenced relative to the body or relative to an external landmark. In both cases, though, the same brain areas appear to coordinate the instructions for moving towards the target. Why is the finding useful? Knowing how the brain deals with visual target information to prepare a reaction may be useful in rehabilitation therapy in patients who suffered brain damage. Source: bit.ly/1pPQf0q Image: Microsoft BIGGEST DINOSAUR EVER FOUND Image: Drexel University SMART ANSWERS MAKING BATTERIES LAST LONGER Is a brief burst of charging bad? Far less than we once thought, according to a recent study. How so? When a battery is charged, the electrodes absorb and release electrons from the surrounding electrolyte in alternating charge-discharge cycles. This may cause shrinking and swelling of the electrodes, which shortens the battery’s lifespan. So what’s the trick? The study showed that if an electrode material that allows all the particles to participate in charging and discharging is used, the ions are absorbed from and then released again into the electrolyte gradually rather than rapidly. This prevents the damaging shrinking and swelling of the electrode. What’s the next step? The researchers plan to run the new battery design through thousands of charge-discharge cycles to simulate real-world performance. Source: Stanford.io/1szcQ3e 29