animal, place, thing, feeling, or idea. They don’ t get capitalized.

People Places

Feelings & Ideas man house excitement girl fire station joy baby cafe confusion bully street knowledge doctors cities compassion

Animals Things dog ball cow computer fish spaghetti potbellied pig puddle dinosaurs chairs

grumpy girl fast runner silly Billy skillful doctor talkative twins young billionaires

The grumpy girl is here. The big mountain was by the lake. He wore new jeans.

an action that someone or something does. The action can be big( leap) or small( breathe).

EXAMPLES: I giggle. Verb Man jumps. They dance.

Common action verbs: dance explore giggle invent juggle listen munch paint read run sleep swim big mountain babbling brook lovely St. Louis noisy cafeteria ancient ruins two streets

a condition instead of an action. They link the subject of a sentence to a word or words that tell about it.

EXAMPLES: I am happy. Verb Man is tired. They were nice.

Common linking verbs: am appear are been being feel is look seem taste was were

How? sweetly quietly happily wisely

When? always now then yesterday

person, animal, place, or thing. They do get capitalized.

People Places

Mike Rosa Parks School

Jennifer

Getty Museum Oprah Winfrey Redwood Forest Paul Bunyan New York City the Kennedys Peru

Animals Things

Fluffy Cheerios

Spot

Nintendo DS Mickey Mouse Halloween Chicken Little January Noun Hound Monday

purple cow new jeans enjoyable movie awesome concert colorful balloon creaky staircase

The girl is grumpy, but she is here. The mountain by the lake was big. The jeans he wore were new.

with main verbs. They help a main verb to describe an action. Some words are both linking and helping verbs.

EXAMPLES: I can run.

helping verb Verb Man will jump.

helping verb They are going.

helping verb

Common helping verbs: are be can did have is may might must should was will

Where? near away here everywhere

How Much? very so quite totally

1 To modify a verb: Mavis Moo chewed the grass slowly.

verb

2 To modify an adjective: The dog had an unbelievably huge doghouse.

adjective

3 To modify another adverb: She played her trumpet very loudly. adverb

I, me you he, him she, her it we, us they, them

my, mine your, yours his her, hers its our, ours their, theirs myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves themselves

Gina was happy, for she received a new puppy!

AND joins things that are equals. Look, it’ s raining cats and dogs!

That film was neither funny nor scary. nobody everyone everything something one all some

here are some quick tips on how to use each one:

aboard about above across after against along alongside among around as at before behind below beneath beside besides between beyond but by

Excitement Wow! Ooh! Holy cow!

Fear Eek! Ick! Uh-oh. despite down during except for from in inside into like near

1 Personal Pronouns: Instead of writing Princess Pronoun is nice, you can use a personal pronoun. Example: She is nice.

2 Possessive Pronouns: Instead of writing The toy was Princess Pronoun’ s, you can use a possessive pronoun. Example: The toy was hers.

3 Reflexive Pronouns: Instead of writing Princess Pronoun can do it, you can use a reflexive pronoun to add extra emphasis. Example: Princess Pronoun can do it herself.

4 Indefinite Pronouns: Instead of writing Kenny, Carol, Amber, Marcus, and Tiffany came to Princess Pronoun’ s party, you can use an indefinite pronoun. Example: Everyone came to Princess Pronoun’ s party.

I wanted to go to the party, but Mom told me no. earlier in the sentence. Grace was great at soccer, yet she loved

OR joins things and presents a choice. softball even more.

Should we take the bus or the train to Providence?

of off on onto out outside over past’ round since through

Delight Surprise

Lovely! Yikes!

Cool!

My goodness! Neato-mosquito! Oh my.

Pain Frustration

Ouch! Rats!

Ow! Whatever!

Brrrrr. Darn. throughout to toward under underneath until up upon with within without

conjunctions, put the first letter of each together to spell F A n B o y s.

to the doctor.

1 Prepositions can indicate DIRECTION. Pete went up some steps.

2 Prepositions can indicate POSITION. Pete stood across the street.

3 Prepositions can indicate TIME. Pete ate hay after the show.

4 Prepositions can indicate POSSESSION. Pete was a friend of mine.

usually end with an exclamation mark( Wow!), but sometimes end with a period( Darn.).

1 Interjections can be a single word. Whoa! Cool! Oops.

2 Interjections can be a phrase. Land sakes! Holy cow! Dear me.

3 Interjections can be part of a sentence. Wow, he’ s tall! Eek, a mouse! Phew, I passed the test.

Class DecÓr

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NOUNS: A noun names a person, animal, place, thing, feeling, or idea. Nouns can be singular or plural.

Common nouns name a general person,

ProPer nouns name a specific

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Hi there! I’ m Noun Hound, and here are some of my

PRONOUNS: Pronouns replace nouns( which name people, places, and things). favorite nouns: bone, park, kids, puppies, Pluto,

Pronouns allow you to speak and write in a way that is both shorter and clearer. and fire hydrant. Hello, everyone!

Personal Possessive Reflexive Indefinite

I am Princess Pronoun and I love pronouns because they make my royal life

ADJECTIVES: An adjective is a word that describes a noun( which names a person, place, or a thing lot easier).! Adjectives can tell about nouns that are singular or plural.

PeoPle PlACes

Things

Hi, I’ m the Adjective Fairy! Adjectives allow me to be the magical,

CONJUNCTIONS: Conjunctions connect words, phrases, glittering, wise, and utterly delightful creature you see and sentences. Think of them as writing glue. Adjectives can go BeFore the noun: Adjectives can go AFTer the noun:

There are seven coordinating conjunctions: before you.

For And nor BuT or yeT so

Hey there! I’ m Gary the Conjunction Guy

FOR means about the same thing

BUT introduces something that contrasts with and I love conjunctions! Why? as because. something stated earlier in the sentence.

VERBS: Verbs are words that describe an action or ACTion VerBs describe linKing VerBs show These helPing seven VerBs team words up may not condition. They tell you what something or someone does. be long or fancy, but they are

NOR is used when something is NOT two very useful writing tools. or more things.

Greetings, citizens! I’ m Verb Man and here are some of my favorite

PREPOSITIONS: Prepositions link nouns and pronouns to other words in a sentence. verbs: run, climb, jump, Most prepositions tell about direction, position, and time, but some show possession. fly, dive, and rescue. Howdy, my here’ s a list of prepositions: name is Preposition Pony! Prepositions make it possible for me to go over, under,

ADVERBS: Adverbs are words that modify( change the meaning by telling more about) verbs, adjectives across, around,, through, and so much more. and other adverbs. Adverbs always answer one of these four questions: How? When? Where? How Much?

Hello, I’ m Mavis Moo and I adore adverbs! Why? Adverbs allow me to graze slowly, quietly, and very gracefully.

All of these words are adverbs:

TiP: Lots of adverbs end in-ly.

TiP: Interjections

INTERJECTIONS: Interjections are words or phrases that are used to express emotions, including excitement, delight, surprise, fear, pain, and frustration. here are the three ways to use adverbs:

Hey folks! interjections can be used to express: rules to remember:

I’ m Polly Golly and I love interjections! Here are

There are different kinds of pronouns: rules to remember:

TiP: To remember these seven

YET is like but. It introduces something that contrasts with something stated

SO shows cause and effect. Amy was sick, so she decided to go

rules to remember:

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Class DecÓr

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