Teach Middle East Magazine Nov-Dec 2015 Issue 2 Volume 3 | Page 62

THIS MONTH IN HISTORY December Christopher Cockerell Joseph Rainey henry ford T he month of December signifies the end of a calendar year. It is also one of the months that educators look forward to most, as it represents a welcomed break and a time of celebration and reconnecting with loved ones. Let us take a quick historical look at the month of December. King Henry 1 died on December 1, 1135. Also known as Henry Beauclerc, he was King of England from 1100 to his death. King Henry was the fourth son of William the Conqueror and was educated in Latin and the liberal arts. The colonial warship, USS Alfred, became the first vessel to fly the first American flag or Grand Union Flag, which was the precursor to the Stars and Stripes. The flag was first hoisted by newly appointed Lieutenant John Paul Jones in the harbour on the western shore of the Delaware River at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on December 3, 1775. Noah Webster Jr. established New York’s first daily newspaper, American Minerva (later known as the Commercial Advertiser), on December 9, 1793. He also published the semi-weekly publication, The Herald, A Gazette for the country (later known as The New York Spectator). Webster’s name is synonymous with spelling in America, as a result of his popular spelling texts Merriam-Webster Dictionary. 60 | Nov - Dec 2015 | | Noah Webster king henry 1 On December 6, 1865, the 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified, abolishing slavery. On December 12, 1870, Joseph Rainey became the first African American in the House of Representatives. He was the second African American to serve in the House of Congress and the first person of colour to serve as presiding officer of the House of Representatives. Henry Ford was an American industrialist, the founder of the Ford Motor Company, and the sponsor of the development of the assembly line technique of mass production. On December 24, 1894, Ford completed his first successful gasoline engine. Today, the Ford estate is estimated at 188.1 billion dollars. On December 10, 1950, Dr Ralph Bunche became the first African American man awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, for his efforts in mediation between Israel and nearby Arab states during the previous year. He was involved in the formation and administration of the United Nations. In 1963, he was awarded the Medal of Freedom by President John F. Kennedy. On December 12, 1955, British [