Synthetic Leather Market Professional Survey Report 2024 | Page 2

REPORT DESCRIPTION
Synthetic leather is manmade fabric made from PVC or PU (polyurethane), which is dried and heated to resemble real
leather. Also known as faux leather, it is less expensive and more easily adaptable than real leather made from animal
skin such as cattle, goats, pigs, crocodiles, and horses. Millions of square meters of textile material are usually coated
with polyurethane every year, so as to lend it a leather-like character.
The first step in the formation of PU synthetic leather is the coagulation process in which woven or non-woven fabric is
coated with polyurethane polymerized paste or dissolved in DMF, then passed through water baths with reduced DMF
concentrations, and finally through pure water. In this process, the water converts the PU-based paste into a very thin
layer of micro porous sponge. The precipitation occurs slowly, with water penetrating into the layer and displacing the
DMF solvent. Toxic DMF from the processed water is recovered via distillation.
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The product obtained via coagulation gains volume and a pleasant handle. To obtain a leather-like appearance, the
coagulated layer is coated with two or more additional layers of solvent-borne PU raw material. The requirements for
artificial leather are that the material should be highly durable, exhibit good mechanical properties, elasticity, stitch tear
resistance, and be easily cut, sewn, and glued together. Advantages of artificial leather include resistance to color fading,
wash ability, easy care, absence of odor, low price, and a crease-free and uniform surface.
Artificial leathers can be broadly classified into four types: poromeric imitation leather, koskin, leatherette, and vegan
leather. Poromeric imitation leather, also known as poromerics, is a variety of artificial leather made from plastic coating. It
displays higher durability and gloss finish (which can be easily cleaned with a damp cloth) than natural leather. One of its
major disadvantages is stiffness. Koskin is commonly used in computer laptop cases, CD wallets, and other consumer
goods and resembles authentic leather in appearance.
Leatherette is made by covering a fabric base with plastic. This fabric can be composed of artificial or natural leather
which is then covered with a layer of soft polyvinyl chloride. It is generally used for clothing and car seat coverings as it