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Questions
SOFT-TISSUE FACIAL ASYMMETRY BEFORE AND AFTER ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY: APPLICATION OF A NEW 3D PROTOCOL
Acknowledgments The authors have no conflicts of interest. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-forprofit sectors. The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationship that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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Original Article

Filippo DA POZZO
MD LAFAS, Laboratory of Functional Anatomy of the Stomatognathic System
Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan via Mangiagalli 31, I-20133 Milano, Italy

CV

Filippo Da Pozzo, MD, graduated in 2017 with the highest grades in Medicine and Surgery at the University of Milan. Since 2015 he has been attending the university department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery at the polyclinic hospital Fondazione IRCCS Ca ' Granda in Milan. He is currently a member of the research staff in the Laboratory of Functional Anatomy of the Stomatognathic System- LAFAS, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health at the University of Milan, Milan, Italy. His fields of research are the morphological and metrical assessment of anatomical characteristics of craniofacial structures, including their modifications with pathology and treatment.

Questions

1. Which instruments can be used to measure soft tissue facial asymmetry? qa. Bite wing radiographs; qb. Lateral plane teleradiographs; qc. Stereophotogrammetric units; qd. Conventional orthopantomographs.
2. How was facial asymmetry measured? qa. Using Root Mean Square distances among images; qb. Using surface electromyography; qc. Superimposing facial photos to Computerized Tomography reconstructions; qd. Measuring the distances between selected skeletal landmarks.
3. In the current study we investigated qa. Three-dimensional modifications in dental arch diameters; qb. The effect of operator experience in making facial measurements; qc. The use of Computerized Tomography to measure facial asymmetry; qd. A new protocol to assess localized soft-tissue facial asymmetry.
4. In the current investigation, we found that: qa. Soft-tissue facial asymmetry increased after dental extraction; qb. Skeletal facial asymmetry decreased after implant placement; qc. Soft-tissue facial asymmetry decreased after orthognathic surgery; qd. Dental arch asymmetry increased after functional orthodontic treatment.
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