MANIFESTATION OF SLEEP BRUXISM ACCORDING TO THE AGE OF PATIENTS

Bruxism questionnaire, points

Pain questionnaire, points

Fonseca questionnaire, points

Ultrasound, MTG index, %

Ultrasound, echogenicity, units

point; diffuse pathological echogenicity – 2 points. The results obtained were processed using the Statistics for Windows v. 11.0( StatSoft Inc., USA) specialized software package for statistical analysis.

3. Results In healthy people, highly stressful professions accounted for 30 % of cases; VAS-stress expression of 3.80 ± 0.35 points. In patients with SB, but from various age groups( 18-50 years, n = 100), highly stressful occupations accounted for 24 % of cases; VAS-stress – 5.71 ± 0.31 points. In SB patients under 35, high stress professions accounted for 21.4 % of cases; VAS-stress – 5.99 ± 0.28 points. In SB patients over 35, highly stressful occupations accounted for 30 % of cases; VAS- Stress – 5.43 ± 0.35 points. This analysis revealed non-essential differences( p > 0.05) between healthy individuals and SB patients of various age. Statistical differences of VAS-stress scores among healthy individuals vs. patients with SB( n = 100) were significant( p < 0.01), and the differences between groups of patients with SB of various age were not significant( p > 0.05) with tendencies of more severe stress manifestation in patients under 35. TNC indices in healthy individuals were 3.4 ± 0.95; in patients with SB( n = 100) – 50.4 ± 5.96; in patients with SB under 35 – 65.4 ± 5.26; in patients with SB over 35 – 35.4 ± 6.44. The highest frequency of clenching was observed in younger patients. TCT indices in healthy subjects constituted 3.6 ± 0.68; in patients with SB( n = 100) – 86.5 ± 7.93; in patients with SB under 35 – 110.5 ± 8.22; in patients with SB over 35 – 61.5 ± 6.91. In a similar way, the highest clench duration was observed in younger patients. The length and quality of night sleep were closely related to the intensity of the psycho-emotional state. Sleep duration in patients under 35( 18-35 years of age, n = 70) showed statistically significant differences in comparison to the values observed in older patients( 35-50 years, n = 30), respectively: 7.9 ± 0.52 hours vs.

P 1-2

P 3-4

0.10 ± 0.05 4.85 ± 0.28 5.41 ± 0.32 4.25 ± 0.24 < 0.001 < 0.05

1.18 ± 0.16 4.71 ± 0.25 5.09 ± 0.36 4.33 ± 0.31 < 0.001 NS

1.16 ± 0.39 52.02 ± 4.13 59.43 ± 4.42 44.61 ± 3.75 < 0.001 < 0.05

25.0 ± 0.45 28.4 ± 0.52 25.5 ± 0.55 31.3 ± 0.58 < 0.001 < 0.001

0.23 ± 0.07 1.35 ± 0.10 1.10 ± 0.11 1.60 ± 0.10 < 0.001 < 0.01

Dental wear, units 0.26 ± 0.11 1.93 ± 0.19 1.87 ± 0.22 1.99 ± 0.15 < 0.001 NS

Note: NS – no statistical significance.

6.2 ± 0.41 hours( p < 0.05). The quality of nighttime sleep in patients with SB, based on the self-assessment scores, was as follows( statistically significant differences between values observed in patients under 35 years of age in comparison to older patients):

• normal sleep quality – 20 patients( 28.6 %)/ 4 patients( 13.3 %), p > 0.05;

• borderline disorders – 38 patients( 54.3 %)/ 8 patients( 26.7 %), p < 0.01;

• pathological sleep – 12 patients( 17.1 %)/ 18 patients( 60.0 %), p < 0.001.

The analysis of the clinical manifestations of SB, based on the clinical questionnaire has shown a higher value of the clinical SB expression in patients under 35, when compared to older patients( Table 2). The frequency of the positive responses, based on the SB questionnaire( which reflected the condition of the patients in the last 6 months) was the following( the percentages of clinical signs for patients under 35 are indicated in a decreasing order, as compared to data from older patients):

• Tooth grinding during sleep, observed by life partners – 100 % vs. 100 %.

• Tooth grinding during sleep( self-assessed by patients) – 97.1 % vs. 93.3 %( p > 0.05).

• Pain and fatigue in masticatory muscles, after awakening – 60.0 % vs. 36.7 %( p < 0.05).

• Sensations of jaw tension or difficulties during mouth opening, after awakening – 54.3 % vs.

• 30 %( p < 0.05).

• Pain felt in the temple region, after awakening – 50.0 % vs. 26.7 %( p < 0.05).

• Teeth clenched together, after awakening – 44.3 % vs. 23.3 %( p < 0.05).

• Dental or gingival pain, after awakening – 22.9 % vs. 10.0 %( p > 0.05).

• Dental mobility, after awakening – 18.6 % vs. 13.3 %( p > 0.05).

In patients with SB under 35, ulcerations of the tongue were detected in 7.1 % of cases vs. 6.7 % in patients

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