8. The excess burden of the corporate income tax stems from a misallocation of investment between the corporate and noncorporate sectors when the supply of savings is perfectly inelastic.
9. When the supply of savings is not perfectly inelastic, the corporate income tax can be shifted to workers.
10. In the long run the corporate income tax has no effect on the price of products produced by corporations.
11. The corporate income tax in the United States is levied on the sum of economic and normal profits.
12. The corporate income tax is levied only on retained earnings with dividends paid out exempt from taxation.
13. Because the corporate income tax base includes dividends, those dividends are taxed twice if they are also included in the personal income tax base.
14. Because the opportunity cost of a corporate equity is not tax deductible, the corporate income tax encourages borrowing, which allows interest cost to be deducted from corporate income.
15. If the corporate income tax is not shifted in the short run, then in the long run it will reduce the return to capital in the corporate sector only.
16. Depreciation is based on historic cost. 17. During periods of inflation historic cost overstates replacement cost. 18. Corporate dividends are paid from post-tax income. Multiple Choice Questions 1. The tax base for the corporate income tax in the United States is: a. the sum of normal and economic profits of corporations. b. economic profits of corporations. c. normal profits of corporations. d. retained earnings of corporations. 2. Accelerated depreciation allows corporations to: