1.
The
s
e de
pa
r
t
me
nt
s howe
v
e
r r
e
qui
r
e a
n
or
i
e
nt
a
t
i
on r
e
g
a
r
di
ng how s
oc
i
a
l
e
nt
e
r
pr
i
s
e
s c
a
n
be
c
ome t
he
i
r pa
r
t
ne
r
s i
n s
e
r
v
i
c
e de
l
i
v
e
r
y
.
The
y ma
y
s
e
e
k s
uppor
t f
r
om CS
E t
o he
l
p i
mpr
ov
e t
he
i
r
unde
r
s
t
a
ndi
ng r
e
g
a
r
di
ng t
he v
a
l
ue s
oc
i
a
l
e
nt
e
r
pr
i
s
e
s
c
oul
d c
ont
r
i
but
e t
owa
r
ds pr
ov
i
nc
i
a
l
s
oc
i
a
l
we
l
f
a
r
e
pr
i
or
i
t
i
e
s
.
2 .
Ov
e
r
t
i
me t
he
s
e de
pa
r
t
me
nt
s c
oul
d a
l
s
o wor
k wi
t
h
PPRA i
n de
v
i
s
i
ng how s
ome pr
oc
ur
e
me
nt unde
r
t
he
i
r j
ur
i
s
di
c
t
i
on c
oul
d be c
ha
nne
l
l
e
d t
hr
oug
h s
oc
i
a
l
e
nt
e
r
pr
i
s
e
s
.
The ne
w s
oc
i
a
l
we
l
f
a
r
e pol
i
c
y dr
a
f
t be
i
ng
di
s
c
us
s
e
d i
n Punj
a
b a
nd S
i
ndh c
a
n a
c
c
ommoda
t
e
s
ome of t
he a
bov
e me
nt
i
one
d pr
opos
a
l
s
.
3 .
The f
or
e
i
g
n f
unds of non-
pr
of
i
t bodi
e
s v
e
t
t
e
d
t
hr
oug
h mul
t
i
pl
e de
pa
r
t
me
nt
s i
n t
he f
e
de
r
a
l
a
nd
pr
ov
i
nc
i
a
l
g
ov
e
r
nme
nt
s c
a
n be ha
ndl
e
d t
hr
oug
h a
one
-
wi
ndow ope
r
a
t
i
on.
The r
e
qui
r
e
me
nt of a
c
qui
r
i
ng
di
s
t
r
i
c
t s
pe
c
i
f
i
c NOCs c
a
n a
l
s
o be r
e
v
i
s
i
t
e
d.
Re
g
i
s
t
e
r
e
d or
g
a
ni
z
a
t
i
ons s
houl
d onl
y r
e
qui
r
e a s
i
ng
l
e
NOC t
o wor
k a
c
r
os
s t
he c
ount
r
y
,
a
s wa
s t
he
pr
a
c
t
i
c
e pr
i
or t
o 2016.
FEDERAL AND PROVI
NCI
AL
PROCUREMENT
REGULATORY AUTHORI
TI
ES
The pr
oc
ur
e
me
nt r
ul
e
s ma
y be a
me
nde
d t
o a
l
l
ow a
quot
a f
or s
oc
i
a
l
e
nt
e
r
pr
i
s
e
s i
n publ
i
c c
ompe
t
i
t
i
ons
.
1.
Pr
oc
ur
e
me
nt pr
oc
e
s
s
e
s c
oul
d be s
i
mpl
i
f
i
e
d f
or
s
oc
i
a
l
e
nt
e
r
pr
i
s
e
s t
o r
e
duc
e c
os
t
s r
e
l
a
t
e
d t
o
s
ubmi
s
s
i
on of bi
d doc
ume
nt
a
t
i
on.
T
r
a
ns
pa
r
e
nt
g
ui
de
l
i
ne
s i
n non-
t
e
c
hni
c
a
l
l
a
ng
ua
g
e c
oul
d be
pr
ov
i
de
d f
or t
e
nde
r pa
r
t
i
c
i
pa
t
i
on a
nd whe
r
e
a
ppr
opr
i
a
t
e
,
c
ont
r
a
c
t
s ma
y be r
e
s
e
r
v
e
d f
or s
oc
i
a
l
e
nt
e
r
pr
i
s
e
s
.
2 .
The r
e
qui
r
e
me
nt
s of mi
ni
mum n
umbe
r of y
e
a
r
s of
ope
r
a
t
i
on t
o pa
r
t
i
c
i
pa
t
e i
n t
he c
ompe
t
i
t
i
on a
nd
de
pos
i
t of e
a
r
ne
s
t mone
y ma
y a
l
s
o be r
a
t
i
ona
l
i
s
e
d.
3 .
Of
f
i
c
i
a
l
s a
t f
e
de
r
a
l
a
nd pr
ov
i
nc
i
a
l
-
l
e
v
e
l
pr
oc
ur
e
me
nt a
ut
hor
i
t
i
e
s wi
l
l
r
e
qui
r
e or
i
e
nt
a
t
i
on
r
e
g
a
r
di
ng t
he c
ont
r
i
but
i
on of s
oc
i
a
l
e
nt
e
r
pr
i
s
e
s
.
I
n
t
he s
hor
t t
e
r
m CS
E a
nd r
e
l
e
v
a
nt l
oc
a
l
t
hi
nk t
a
nk
s
c
oul
d be s
uppor
t
e
d t
o pr
ov
i
de t
he
s
e s
e
r
v
i
c
e
s
.
4.
At pr
ov
i
nc
i
a
l
l
e
v
e
l
,
i
n pa
r
t
i
c
ul
a
r
,
publ
i
c s
e
c
t
or c
oul
d
e
xpe
r
i
me
nt t
o a g
r
e
a
t
e
r e
xt
e
nt wi
t
h c
ha
l
l
e
ng
e
f
unds a
nd i
nnov
a
t
i
on f
unds whi
c
h woul
d ope
n
up publ
i
c budg
e
t
s t
o g
r
e
a
t
e
r i
nnov
a
t
i
on a
nd
e
na
bl
e s
oc
i
a
l
e
nt
e
r
pr
i
s
e
s t
o de
v
e
l
op s
ol
ut
i
ons t
o
pr
e
s
s
i
ng pr
obl
e
ms f
a
c
i
ng publ
i
c a
g
e
nc
i
e
s
.
5 .
Al
t
e
r
na
t
i
v
e
l
y
,
t
he i
nt
r
oduc
t
i
on of t
he i
de
a of
s
oc
i
a
l
v
a
l
ue or s
oc
i
a
l
c
l
a
us
e
s i
n pr
oc
ur
e
me
nt
me
a
n t
ha
t g
ov
e
r
nme
nt woul
d not e
xpl
i
c
i
t
l
y
f
a
v
our s
oc
i
a
l
e
nt
e
r
pr
i
s
e
s but woul
d s
i
mpl
y s
e
e
k
t
o ma
xi
mi
s
e t
he a
ddi
t
i
ona
l
v
a
l
ue t
he
y c
a
n
e
xt
r
a
c
t f
r
om t
he
i
r s
uppl
i
e
r
s
,
r
e
g
a
r
dl
e
s
s of t
he
i
r
s
t
a
t
us
.
Thi
s woul
d howe
v
e
r
,
be
ne
f
i
t s
oc
i
a
l
e
nt
e
r
pr
i
s
e
s a
s we
l
l
a
s c
r
e
a
t
i
ng i
nc
e
nt
i
v
e
s f
or
ot
he
r bus
i
ne
s
s
e
s t
o t
a
k
e t
he
i
r s
oc
i
a
l
a
nd
e
n
v
i
r
onme
nt
a
l
c
ont
r
i
but
i
ons mor
e s
e
r
i
ous
l
y
.
Th
i
s e
x
c
e
r
p
t h
a
s
b
e
e
n t
a
k
e
n f
r
om t
h
e
p
a
p
e
r “
S
oc
i
a
l
E
n
t
e
r
p
r
i
s
e
De
v
e
l
op
me
n
t i
n
Pa
k
i
s
t
a
n
:
Th
e Wa
y
F
or
wa
r
d”
,
p
u
b
l
i
s
h
e
d
i
n Ma
r
c
h 2
0
1
9
,
wr
i
t
t
e
n b
y Dr
.
Va
q
a
r
Ah
me
d,
Ah
a
d Na
z
i
r
,
Da
n Gr
e
g
or
y
,
Ze
e
n
i
a
F
a
r
a
z
,
T
r
i
s
t
a
n Ac
e
,
Y
u
s
r
a Na
b
i
l
a
n
d
Ma
a
me Ag
y
e
b
e
n