STANSW Science Education News Journal 2019 2019 SEN Vol 68 Issue 4 | Page 68

YEARS 7–12 IDEAS FOR THE CLASSROOM Year 7 Practical Skills for Inquiry Learning – Part 4 (continued) • Carry out your plan remembering that each member of the group needs to take part in the experiments, so work out how best to do this. Record your results and observations and discuss if you have answered your question and what your conclusion is. over which they had no control? f) whether a ‘fair test’ was used? g) whether it would be a good idea to repeat the experiment to check results? (if each member of the group had a turn in doing the experiment then they will have already done this.) • If you have not already done so you will also need to write down the steps you took in your experiments to lead to your answer. Each group’s reporter will be describing the group’s efforts and results to the class during the class discussion. • Start with a Q1 group (perhaps a volunteer?) and be a scribe so you can record the important details on the whiteboard. You may need to ask careful questions to elicit all the important information. You are especially after information on points a-d above. Points e-g can be discussed by the whole class after the reports from all groups have been given (assuming they have not come up before). Can the students notice patterns about the way in which all the experiments were conducted? What the teacher does: • You may decide that this is all too ‘open’ for your class or that it may seem too chaotic or too much to organise? If so there are various alternatives: For Example – for Q1: a) All students could do Q1 – all the equipment could all be out on each bench except perhaps for a ruler or timing device etc. which students can select once they decide on the criterion for ‘best’. How will we decide on ‘best’: e.g. students may decide on ease of getting a bubble (recording the number of successful attempts) or the longest lasting bubble (by timing each one) or the biggest bubble (which they will measure). b) Half the class could do Q1 while half do Q2. Having two different questions answered is useful as it gives two sets of criteria and results. This can help students identify similarities and differences. What will we change: the type of frame: e.g. thick wire; thin wire; thick wire with wool wrapped round it, etc. What will we keep the same: the shape of the frame (circle); the size of that circle; the bubble solution (e.g. the same volume in the same container?); the same person blowing bubbles, and trying to blow the same way each time (I have had students ask for a fan!) c) All could do Q1 and, after having shared and discussed what they did and what happened with the class, they could all go back to their benches to do Q2 – without any further discussion as to how. d) If you decide there are problems with the groups working out what to do, after giving them time to decide their approach, let them join with another group to share ideas and come up with the ‘best ideas’ from both groups. These could even be brought to the class so a ‘class best effort’ is agreed upon, which then decides the experimental method. However, this plan does remove much of the autonomy from each group and comes closer to ‘giving recipes’. I would prefer to let each group work their own way through the question, while keeping an eye out for those who need a ‘prod’ via a relevant question or two. Things we couldn’t keep the same: air currents (in which case it is best to do it indoors), the actual blowing of the bubbles, though the student experimenters would do their best to keep it the same ... What changes are caused intentionally: how long the bubble lasted? a description of the bubble? the ease of blowing it up, or its size ... Do we need to repeat the experiment? Probably yes – 3 times is easily achievable if each student in the group to take a turn at blowing – bubbles can be a bit fickle! • Once all groups have completed their experiments (fast finishers can be given another question to consider), gather the class together for the reporters from each group to report to the class. You are looking at collecting each group's ideas on :- c) what they deliberately changed? Your students may come up with some of these and more; the main thing is that we need to find them thinking along these lines. Other groups who have done the same question, and the class as a whole, may add other ideas. The same types of things will have been considered in answering Q2-Q4, as well as by other groups who have also done Q1, so hopefully the patterns we are after will emerge. e) what other things may have affected the experiment but The discussion of whether these experiments were truly ‘fair tests’, and what this means, can lead into a discussion of the a) the criterion they used to determine ‘best’ (for Q1 and Q2); b) what they kept the same – and why? d) what the effects of those changes were? 68 SCIENCE EDUCATIONAL NEWS VOL 68 NO 4