STANSW Science Education News Journal 2019 2019 SEN Vol 68 Issue 3 | Page 54

YEARS 7–12 IDEAS FOR THE CLASSROOM Year 7 Practical Skills for Inquiry Learning – Part 3 (continued) questions!) Often they require the student to come up with a list of smaller questions which need to be thought about first, e.g. – Which types of renewable energy do I know? times that a question cannot be answered effectively until some further science knowledge and understanding has taken place. In such a case it is useful to have a sheet of cardboard pinned up headed ‘Questions to be Answered’ on which the student can write their question and sign it. The question can be addressed when the appropriate time comes and only the student who wrote it on the sheet is able to indicate that it has been answered. – What conditions are needed for the different types of renewable energy? Question: Dice Why are some forms of renewable energy more suited to some areas in the country than others? – What is meant by renewable energy? – How might different parts of Australia differ in relation to these conditions? The aim of this is to try and encourage students to ask ‘fat’ or ‘rich’ questions. This also means that the answers will probably need thinking about. The dice can be used to generate student questions, which can then be used to review, revise or test knowledge and understanding at the conclusion of a section of work. – ... Other examples: • How can environmental damage to ancient statues be reduced? Each student group will need access to a pair of dice. Each is made from a cube (I used golf ball boxes covered with blue contact about 15 years ago – and made 12 pairs!) with a different word written on each side [e.g. one cube with ‘which, what, where, why, how, when’ written on it, and a second cube with ‘can, could, does, is, would, might’ on it. The group toss the two dice and then form a question that incorporates the words on both dice and also the topic being reviewed. The words do not need to start the question, though often they will, but must appear somewhere in the sentence. Most of the word pairs which come up lead to ‘rich’ questions, and a useful list can be generated to help probe the students’ understanding. • If you keep a drink with ice cubes in a thermos flask, do you need to leave room for the ice cubes to melt? • What would freefall be like on the Moon? • How do the changes in conditions in a rock pool over a day affect what happens inside a crab? • If plants need sunlight to grow, why aren’t the largest plants found in the desert? • Do you think friction would be the same on the Moon as it is here on Earth? However you decide to use the question list, it is a good idea for every group to be responsible for coming up with an excellent answer to each question they contribute to it. Ultimately, all questions and answers need to be shared with the class. Perhaps each group works through all questions together, then shares and discusses answers with a second group, before all questions are discussed and answered with the class. Sometimes ‘Skinny’ questions are also important – especially when helping students pick up and be comfortable with the language of science: • What unit do I use to measure force? • Can anyone name a type of reaction? • What do we call substances which do not conduct electricity? Question Wall Students also need to learn the skills of asking ‘fat’ rather than ‘skinny’ questions. Below are a few strategies for encouraging this, including helping them learn to distinguish between ‘Fat’ and ‘Skinny’ questions. Sometimes the topic we are teaching generates lots of question from the students, and it is useful to make a note of them all and maybe add a few of our own, which really need to be covered. One way of managing this is to put several large pieces of butchers’ paper up in the classroom to make a ‘Question Wall’, and encourage students to write up any questions they want answered. This may help direct you to navigate a challenging topic with your students and/or improve student engagement, by allowing the students to have input into what they learn. Rich questions are also often those which lead to student- designed investigations. We need to help students turn ‘ordinary’ questions into ‘investigable’ questions from which they can generate a hypothesis. 'Questions to be Answered' Sheet Students in their groups could also be allocated a question to answer from the wall, or can choose one for themselves, which they then share with the class. Some questions may require the One way to help students realise you value their questions is to make sure we always try to answer them. However there are 54 SCIENCE EDUCATIONAL NEWS VOL 68 NO 3