[ Duplex / Water ]
[ Duplex / Water ]
Forward Water Technologies Industrial FO Installation at Terrapure-2019. By Thornley15- Own work, CC BY-SA 4.( Wikipedia).
host four of the world’ s ten largest desalination facilities. Renewables are increasingly integrated: Oman’ s Sharqiyah desalination plant recently inaugurated a 17 MW solar power installation, capable of supplying over a third of the plant’ s electricity needs and reducing CO 2 emissions by 27,200 tonnes per year. In terms of overall efficiency, Veolia’ s Mirfa 2 plant in Abu Dhabi promises to break new ground: it will deliver 550,000 cubic meters per day of potable water while reducing energy use by up to 80 % compared to older thermal systems. Smaller-scale plants are also making a significant impact. In Tunisia, Lantania is constructing a 7,500 cubic metres per day RO desalination facility for the company Agro Care, aimed at irrigating greenhouse crops. Even smaller are the modular MBR systems that enable small communities and industries to gain access to advanced treatment without large infrastructure investments.
Recycling If desalination expands supply, wastewater reuse exemplifies sustainability by transforming waste into a resource. Increasingly, water treatment is being tailored to end use, whether irrigation, industry or drinking water. Potable reuse is no longer experimental: it is established in Singapore, Namibia, and parts of the USA and Europe, with new projects under way in Perth, El Paso, San Diego and Los Angeles.
New technology Several important trends are reducing costs and making water management more sustainable. For example, membrane bioreactors( MBRs) combine biological treatment with advanced membrane filtration, such as microfiltration or ultrafiltration. The result is higher-quality effluent, whether in municipal or industrial wastewater treatment, or recycling. MBRs reduce the footprint of treatment facilities, are adaptable for retrofitting, and have been deployed in projects world-wide, from Owatonna, Minnesota, to St Helena,
Duplex in desalination
Duplex stainless steels exhibit good resistance to corrosion, especially to stress corrosion cracking( SCC). SCC is the unexpected sudden failure of normally ductile metals which have been subjected to a tensile stress in a corrosive environment, especially at elevated temperature. Duplex stainless grades have twice the strength of austenitic grades and are particularly cost-effective because of their mechanical properties. They are also excellent engineering materials. Duplex grade 2205 / 1.4462 has already been utilised in MSF evaporator shells. Duplex grades were specified for large plants engineered by FISIA, an Italian company that specialises in building desalination plants. Built examples include the Taweelah B extension in Abu Dhabi, the Jebel Ali L plant in Dubai and the Ras Abu Fontas desalination plant in Qatar. These projects utilised the“ dual duplex” concept where grade 2205 / 1.4462 is used in the more hostile environments in the plant, while lean duplex is used in less corrosive applications. Lean duplex is a cost-effective duplex stainless steel which has lower nickel and molybdenum content than 2205 / 1.4462. Corrosion resistance is very close to that of grade 316L / 1.4404. The high strength of lean duplex makes it possible to reduce the gauge by up to 50 % compared with austenitic 300 series grades. However, restrictions in design codes limit the real savings to around 35 to 40 %. Source: worldstainless
www. stainless-steel-world. net Stainless Steel World November 2025 17