St Oswald's Magazine StOM 1711 | Page 10

FROM ALL SAINTS TO ST ANDREW: SAINTS COMMEMORATED IN NOVEMBER 1 November – Solemnity of All Saints On this day the Church venerates all those, known and unknown, whose virtues and efforts in this life are considered to be an example to us all. The Church gives thanks for their lives and glorifies God through those who have gone before us. The feast includes great saints and lesser ones who have no days to remember them. In the early church martyrs only were venerated as saints; a feast of ‘Martyrs of all the Earth’ was celebrated in Syria by the 4 th century, usually on our Trinity Sunday. The first mention of 1 November comes from England, and by the 8 th century Alcuin of York, then abbot of Tours, wrote of the feast which was preceded by three days of fasting. The date was formally fixed by Pope Gregor IV (827-44) because the summer months were difficult for the many pilgrims attending in Rome, since the ‘Roman fever’ was a great killer in the hot months. The traditional English name is ‘All Hallows’ which produced the feast of Halloween, more appropriate to the commemoration of the dead at ‘All Souls’. 6 November St Illtyd (6 th century) The name derives from the Latin ‘ille tutus’, =the safe one. Illtyd is one of the great founding fathers of Welsh Christianity. According to a later life story, he came from a princely family in Brittany, his father was a warrior and he became a knight and is said to have visited his cousin Arthur, when he was one of the knight to be in charge of the Holy Grail. He married a woman called Trynihid, but after a hunting accident and meeting a holy man, he left his wife and family and became a hermit in the Wye Valley. Together with some companions he moved to South Glamorgan and founded a community at Llantwit Major, which became a great Monastery. Illtyd became ’the most learned of all the Britons’ in all kinds of philosophy. He is said to have also founded the monastery on Caldey Island. Much of his life was devoted to wonder working, one seems to have been true, that he organised grain ships for Brittany at a time of famine. His shrine was later moved to Glastonbury, where he became one of the figures to promote pilgrimage there. 11 November St Martin of Tours (336-397) One of the most popular medieval Saints, he was born of pagan parents in Hungary and became a soldier like his father. When he was posted to Amiens, France one of the most famous episodes in Christian history occurred: Martin sharing his cloak with a beggar, who later appeared to him as Christ. After that he wanted to be a ‘soldier of Christ’ and refused to fight, which led to imprisonment. He founded the first monastic community in Gaul at Marmoutier, a centre for mission. He became bishop of Tours and travelled all over his diocese on foot, was involved in theological disputes 10