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MINING POWER Extractive power Power solutions are becoming ever more innovative with hybrid solutions and mine-wide contracts now on the able, reports Paul Moore lot of the power provision that has to be made for mines beyond grid connection relates to bridging power, that is providing enough power as a mine ramps up to a full grid connection or to a more permanent solution; and where the grid connection is in place but for various reasons cannot be relied upon for 100% of the mines’ power needs all of the time. Mines are often at the very end of a grid network therefore susceptible to power fluctuations. Certain countries and regions where mines are located are also more at risk of power outage due to weather or natural disasters such as earthquakes, where again mines look to have a back-up solution. Matthew Fredericks, Aggreko’s Head of Mining in South Africa told IM: “New innovations in on-site power generation can reduce a mine’s reliance on the grid, allowing for improved reliability and scalability of power as well as more cost effective operations. Mines are energy intensive operations, so access to energy and rising costs can have huge implications on a minesite’s ability to not only grow, but survive. Increasing pressures on the grid, particularly in developing regions or rural areas, reduces the reliability of electricity and inhibits day to day operations, let alone expansion. Access to sustainable sources of electricity is mission critical to a minesite and without it poses significant risk to investment opportunities and the overall economic health of the sector.”  Another issue with power provision to mines A 22 International Mining | SEPTEMBER 2015 in challenging regions is that is has often been somewhat incoherent due to different power needs across the operation but also due to different decision makers whether it be an EPCM, mine manager, head office energy executive, country manager etc. A mine may start out with some diesel generators then add to these with heavy fuel oil then gas generators as power needs increase, particularly if there are issues with grid reliability. Mines also tend to cover a large area (with electric machines running off cables connected to numerous transformers); there are often many large contractors involved; and so operations can end up with a diverse but not necessarily very organised power network, with some generation equipment owned and some leased. Increasingly mines are looking for a more consolidated and coherent solution to bridging power needs, as well as one that incorporates some element of alternative to 100% diesel, such as combining diesel gensets with some solar or wind power. As with other aspects of service provision, mines want to be left to the business of mining, leaving complex power needs up to an expert power company or provider that can be paid an overall cost per kWhr and make key decisions on generation equipment needs based on demand level and available fuels etc. These power specialists are better able to make decisions on how best to boost power supply in certain situations; such as where a mine decides to do more upgrading Aggreko worked with Sibanye Gold to develop innovative generation technology at the Beatrix mine of ore onsite meaning a boost is needed in power supply to the processing plant. An extreme example of this might be where an iron ore mine opts to build a pelletising plant. Not only helping mines with power solutions, temporary and bridging power providers are now stepping in to provide whole utility companies with power solutions to supplement their national grids where they are having difficulty meeting demand – these so-called short-term distributed generation solutions are becoming more common and important. A good example is where there are severe droughts in countries (and the mines within them) that rely heavily on hydroelectric power plants. Countries with the potential for natural disasters or that could be severely impacted by droughts can be identified, but it is impossible to predict exactly when and where disasters will occur. Mark Manint, Rental Power Manager at Caterpillar Inc talked about this utility back up demand to IM: “A short-term distributed generation project fills an immediate need for a utility company or larger scale utility consumer. In the majority of cases, the distributed generation plant will be interconnected to the utility grid at voltages ranging from 14 to 225 kV. There are situations where the plant would operate as its own utility grid, such as in a remote region, a remote mine site or a large construction site. The contract period for these