Spark [Kathleen_N._Daly]_Norse_Mythology_A_to_Z,_3rd_Edi | Page 22

aurvandil   The Aesir gods created the first man, Ask, by breathing life into the trunk of an ash tree. (See also “The First Humans,” under creation). ask   The first man, created from the trunk of an ash tree by the first three Aesir gods, Odin, Vili, and Ve. All human beings, it is said in Norse mythology, are descended from Ask and Embla, the first woman. (See “The First Humans,” under creation.) ass   In Old Norse, the si ngular form of “god.” The plural is aesir. A synjur   (A synjer )  The Aesir goddesses, the female form of the word Aesir. The most prominent Asynjur was Frigg, wife of Odin, who was goddess of love, marriage, and motherhood. The 13th-century chronicler of Norse myths, Snorri Sturluson, named 20 Asynjur in two separate lists. They are Bil, Eir, Freya, Frigg, Fulla, Gefjon, Gerda, Gna, Hlin, Iddun, Lofn, Nanna, Saga (2), Sigyn, Sjofn, Snotra, Sol, Syn, Var, and Vor. Many of these god- desses are considered by scholars to be handmaidens of Frigg. Snorri does not include among the Asynjur the more dominant goddesses, Sif, wife of Thor, or Skade, wife of Njord. A ud   (Wealth)  The son of Nott and her first husband, Naglfari. Aud’s brother is Dag (day) and his sister is Jord (earth). Very little is known of Aud. He is referred to only in the works of Snorri Sturluson. A udhumla   (A u Ð humla )  The first cow, formed at the creation of the world. Audhumla appeared at the same time as Ymir, the first giant, and fed him with her milk. She herself derived nourishment by licking the salty stones around Ginnungagap, the primeval void. As she licked, she uncovered a handsome, manlike creature from the ice. He was Buri, the first ancestor of the gods. In many mythologies the cow is a symbol of the Great Mother and of creation. Audhumla appears in the P rose E dda and in the P oetic E dda . A urgelmir   According to the V afthrudnismal , a poem in the P oetic E dda , Aurgelmir was the first and oldest among the giants and the grandfather of Bergelmir. The poem Vafthrudnismal tells of the creation of the race of giants. Audhumla licking Buri as four rivers of milk pour from her udders. From the 18th-century Icelandic manuscript SÁM 66, care of the Árni Magnússon Institute in Iceland According to Snorri Sturluson, however, Aurgelmir was the name the rime-giants gave to Ymir, the first giant from whose body the gods of the Aesir created the world. Some scholars suggest that Snorri, as a writer, was attempting to bring some order to the giants’ lineage as presented in the poems he used as sources. aurora borealis   Shimmering lights or lumi- nescence that sometimes appears in night skies in the Northern Hemisphere. Also called the northern lights. In Norse mythology this beautiful sight was said to be the radiance emitted by Gerda, the Jotun maiden who became the wife of the god Frey. A urvandil   Known as “The Brave,” he was the husband of the seer Groa. Not much is known about Aurvandil except that the god Thor rescued him from the giants and carried him across the poisonous rivers of Elivagar in a basket. One of Aurvandil’s toes froze. Thor plucked it off and threw it into the sky, where it shone forevermore as the bright star