SPARK 2017. SPARK 2017. | Page 50

Global Warming Global warming is a gradual process of heating of earth’s surface and whole environment including oceans, ice caps, etc. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, in the past century there is increase in the earth’s surface average temperature by around 1.4-degree Fahrenheit (means 0.8 degrees Celsius). It has also been estimated that global temperature may increase by another 2 to 11.5 degrees F in the next century. There are many causes of the global warming, some are natural causes, and some are human made causes. The most important cause of global warming is greenhouse gases which are generated by some natural processes as well as human activities. The increase in the level of greenhouse gases has been seen in the 20 th century because of the increasing population, economy and use of energy. Increasing demand of industrialization in the modern world to fulfill almost each need is causing the release of variety of greenhouse gases through many industrial processes in the atmosphere. The release of carbon dioxide (CO2) and sulphur dioxide (SO2) gas has been increased in the recent years by 10-fold. The release of carbon dioxide gas varies according to the natural and industrial processes including photosynthesis and oxidation cycles. Other greenhouse gases are like oxides of nitrogen (nitrous oxide), halocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), chlorine and bromine compounds, etc. Such greenhouse gases get collected to the atmosphere and disturb the radioactive balance of atmosphere. They have capability to absorb heat radiations and cause warming of the earth surface. Global warming causes lot of climate changes in the atmosphere such as increasing summer season, decreasing winter season, increasing temperature, changes in air circulation patterns, jet stream, rain without season, melting ice caps, declining ozone layer, occurrence of heavy storms, cyclones, flood, drought, and so many effects. Sandra Dileep, 6