SMART FAMILY MAGAZINE Oct 2013 | Page 45

HISTORY

IqÀKv h\¯nse

cmPKrlw
]

gbIme¯nsâ tcJmNn{X§fnð \nóv
sXfnªp hcpó Hcp `qanI. B tZis¯
s]cpwX¨òmÀ IdXoÀs¯Sp¯ hmkvXpIebpsS
`mh¸IÀ¨IÄ. {]IrXnbpsS Ccpfnabnð ]mXn
adªv InS¡pó hnkvab§fnð Ncn{X hmb\
bpsS angnthmsS IqÀKnse \meIv\mSv sIm«mcw.
adóv h¨ IYIÄ HmÀs¯Sp¡m³ Cu ]Sn¸pc
ISóv \ni_vZamb CS\mgnIfneqsS Hóv \S¡mw.

IqÀKnse sIm«mcw
Ncn{X¯nð Ahtijn¡pó Cu sIm«mc¯n\v
C ópw buÆ\amWv. Hcp tZi¯nse cmPhwi¯n
sâ IY]dbm³ Hcp P\Xbnsñ¦nð, Ahtijn
¡pó kvamcI§Ä¡ñmsX aämÀ¡v ]dbm³
Ignbpw? {]IrXnbpsS A\pIqe `mh§fmð kar
²amb IÀ®mSIbnse IqÀKv h\\n_nUXbv¡p
Ånð \ni_vZambn Xe DbÀ¯n\nð¡póp. \m
eIv\mSv sIm«mcw. Cu sIm«mc¯nse Htcm Iñpw
Zmcpinev]§fpw IqÀKv cmPhwi¯nsâ Ncn{X
IYIÄ ]dbpóp.
1792 ð IqÀKv cmPhwi¯nsâ N{IhÀ¯nbmbncp
óp sZmÍ hoc cmtP{μ cmPmhv. Ct±lw ssakqÀ
cmPmhmb Sn¸pkpð¯ms\ ]cmPbs¸Sp¯nb Xn
sâ HmÀ½ \ne\nÀ¯m\mbn ]WnIgn¸n¨XmWv
IqÀKv h\¯nse \meIv\mSv sIm«mcw. ]nóoSv Cu
Krlw cmPhwi¯nsâ A`btI{μhpw IqSnbm
bncpóp.
]ÝnaL« ae\ncIfnð IqÀKv cmPhwi¯nsâ
Gähpw kpc£nXamb Hcp Hfn¯mhfambncpóp
CXv. i{Xphn\pt]mepw Isï¯mt\m, ISsó
¯mt\m Ignbm¯ Cu A`bkt¦X¯nsâ
\nÀ½mWhpw Ncn{X¯nð {]m[m\yaÀln¡póp.
i{Xpssk\yw ]Sn¸pcbnse¯pt¼mÄ Xsó i
¿mapdnbnencn¡pó cmPmhn\v Xsâ FXncmfnI
sf ImWm³ Ignbpw. B Hfn¡mgvNIÄ¡mbpÅ
InfnhmXnepIÄ Cu sIm«mc¯nse \nÀ½mW
sshZKv[y¯nsâ sXfnhpIfmWv. i{Xphnsâ s\
ôpXIÀ¡m\pÅ A¼pIÄ¡pw tXm¡pIÄ¡p
ambpÅ c£mZzmc§Ä, ]Iepw cm{Xnbpw Xncn
¨dnbm\mhm¯ Ccp«papdnIÄ, a¨nse clky
AdIÄ, Iñnepw ac¯nepw sIm¯nsbSp¯ in
ev]§Ä. Chsbms¡ Cu sIm«mc¯nsâ Ae

sshhn[y§Ä \ndª
Ncn{Xs¯ kv]Àin¡póXv
Imew \nÝeam¡nb Nne
ImgvNIfneqsSbmWv.
IqÀKv
IÀ®mSI kwØm\¯nse tIcft¯mSv
ASp¯v InS¡pó ]ÝnaL« ae\ncIfnse
PnñbmWv IpSIv. `mjbnepw, kwkv¡mc¯nepw
]ucmWnIX \ne\nÀ¯pó Cu Pnñbnse
BNmchpw PohnXhpw I˨mSIbpsS ]
c¼cmKX coXnIfnð \nópw Gsd hyXykvX
amWv. at\mlcamb `q{]IrXnbmð \ndª
IpSIv AYhm IqÀKv ap¼v `cn¨ncpóXv lmesc
cmPhwiambncpóp. AXn\ptijw ssakqÀ
cmPm¡òmcpsSbpw {_n«ojv I¼\nbpsSbpw
{][m\ Xmhf§fnð Hómbncpóp Imthcn \
Zn¡cbnse I