Skin Health Magazine Issue #2 / Winter 2016 | Page 27

The Other Side of Acids a potent skin-sloughing ingredient that has the smallest molecular size of any AHA so that it penetrates the surface of the skin quickly, causing that well-referenced tingling sensation on application. This happens due to the speed at which this ingredient penetrates the skin and its differing pH to that of the skin’s acid mantle (the protective surface layer), which essentially shocks the skin into a response. When used in the appropriate dosage for your skin type, Glycolic Acid keeps the skin looking fresh and youthful but it can cause inflammation and itchy, irritated skin if used too often or in too high a concentration, so start off slow and work your way up Next is Lactic Acid, a milder AHA that is currently experiencing a bit of a moment in the spotlight thanks to its impressive ability to exfoliate and hydrate the skin. Not to be confused with the substance released within the body during strenuous exercise, Lactic Acid has been shown to be particularly effective for sensitive skins and keratosis pilaris sufferers, as it softens and removes keratin plugs trapped within the pores. One member of the AHA family that works a little differently is Mandelic Acid, an oil-soluble active whose molecules are much larger in size than its Glycolic and Lactic cousins so that it penetrates the skin and, more importantly, the pores at a much slower rate so it causes little to no irritation. It is particularly effective for acne-prone skin, which is why it is often paired with the next acid in our guide. Beta-Hydroxy Acids or BHAs tend to be oil-soluble so that they can penetrate the pores easily and do the majority of their work beneath the surface. Salicylic Acid is the most popular member of this acid family and you can probably remember it vividly from your teenage years, as it is one of the best spot-fighting ingredients out there. It is derived from the same substance as aspirin so it also helps to reduce inflammation and soothe stressed skin, a big plus for acne-fighting products, but avoid it if you have an allergy to this type of medication. Finally, we turn our attention to Hyaluronic Acid. The complete opposite to all other acids, it possesses no exfoliating benefits but instead, has the ability to hold 1000 times its own weight in water which it then delivers deep within the skin to relieve dry patches, quench dehydration, plump fine lines and firm lacklustre areas. A natural carbohydrate, Hyaluronic Acid is naturally present in the body (mainly in the joints and as lubrication around the eyes) but after the age of 40, its level significantly drops off which is why the skin loses most of its youthful bounce. Working Them Into Your Routine To get the best out of an acid, especially the exfoliating AHAs and BHAs, you need to use it regularly but sparingly. Start off with a low concentration to give the skin time to acquaint itself with this new ingredient and avoid going straight in with a hard-core, single-acid formula as most acids work well alongside others in the same formulation. Use them a couple of times a week, ideally as a cleanser, toner or overnight treatment, to start seeing results within the first month. Hyaluronic Acid is very easy to use, just apply it daily to keep the skin hydrated and smooth. When using any of the exfoliating acids, make sure that you apply a high factor sunscreen during the day to protect the new, fresh layer of skin that has been exposed to the world. This will prevent sun damage and irritation, so never use one without the other. ISSUE #02 | WINTER 2016 | SkinHealthMagazine.com 27