Skeletomuscular April 2013 | Page 5

Definitions of the muscoloskeletal system

Bones

Maxilla: upper jaw of humans, it bears most of the teeth

Mandible: lower jaw of humans; it serves to hold or bite food

Clavicle: has the form of a narrow elongated S; it links the scapula and sternum

Humerus: bone from shoulder to elbow; provides modified surface for attachment muscles.

Ribs: paired curved bony that protects the viscera

Sternum: a compound ventral bone that lies in the median central part of the body; it connects with the clavicles and the cartilages of the upper seven pairs of ribs

Radius: bone on the thumb side of the human forearm

Ulna: the bone on the little-finger side of the human forearm; serves as a pivot in rotation of the hand

Pelvis: two hipbones bounding it on each side and in front while the sacrum and coccyx complete it behind

Femur: extends from the hip to the knee; biggest bone on the human body

Patella: a thick flat triangular movable bone that forms the anterior point of the knee, protects the front of the joint and increases the leverage of the quadriceps

Tibia: the inner and usually larger of the two bones of the leg between the knee and ankle

Fibula: the outer or postaxial and usually the smaller of the two bones of the hind or lower limb below the knee that is the slenderest bone of the human body in proportion to its length

Muscles

Sternocleidomastoid - one of two thick muscles running from the sternum and clavicle to the mastoid and occipital bone; turns head obliquely to the opposite side; when acting together they flex the neck and extend the head

Pectorals: either of two large muscles of the chest

Biceps: The large muscle at the front of the upper arm that flexes the forearm. Also called biceps brachial.

Brachioradialis: is a muscle of the forearm that acts to flex the forearm at the elbow. It is also capable of both pronation and supination, depending on the position of the forearm

External oblique: is the largest and the most superficial (outermost) of the three flat muscles of the lateral anterior abdomen.

Rectus abdominis: is a paired muscle running vertically on each side of the anterior wall of the human abdomen (and in some other animals). There are two parallel muscles, separated by a midline band of connective tissue called the linea alba.

Rectus femoris: is situated in the middle of the front of the thigh; it is fusiform in shape, and its superficial fibers are arranged in a bipenniform manner, the deep fibers running straight down to the deep aponeurosis.

Sartorius: the longest muscle in the human body – is a long thin muscle that runs down the length of the thigh. Its upper portion forms the lateral border of the femoral triangle.

Quadriceps: is a large muscle group that includes the four prevailing muscles on the front of the thigh. It is the great extensor muscle of the knee, forming a large fleshy mass, which covers the front and sides of the femur. It is the strongest and leanest muscle in the human body.

Extensor digitorum longus: is a pennate muscle, situated at the lateral part of the front of the leg.

Tibialis: - a muscle that is connected at either or both ends to a bone and so move parts of the skeleton; a muscle that is characterized by transverse stripes

Bibliography:

Hotchalk Partner. "Dictionary. "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/. 2013. Farlex, Inc. 2013 http://www.thefreedictionary.com/. 23 Nov 2003, 30 Jan 2013.

Merriam-Webster. Merriam-Webster, n.d. Web. 31 Jan. 2013.