Navigating Contextual Complexity with Graph Visualization
only touched “ the tip of the iceberg ” in understanding the cognitive factors of working with graphs of any size .
Some studies have been conducted that help direct partitioners in the right direction for visualization using generic approaches , based on the size and density of information and a known analytic challenge . [ 3 ] Domain-agnostic visualization tools , and well understood layout algorithms provide a variety of approaches for graph display that , while effective for some , can fall short of meeting domain-specific expectations for end users . [ 4 ]
It is our job as the architects of information spaces to provide humans with the tools and affordances that let them explore data effectively , with fewer barriers , and less noise . While the human factors research is still catching up , the best software development tools and platforms make it possible to apply a full range of interactions so that interface designers can work with users to arrive at the best combination for each problem space .
Graphical excellence is that which gives to the viewer the greatest number of ideas in the shortest time with the least ink in the smallest space . -- Edward Tufte
1.1 ORIENTATION AND NAVIGATION
Since it was published in the 1970 ’ s , Air Force Colonel John Boyd ’ s Observe-Orient-Decide-Act cycle , referred to commonly as the OODA-loop , has guided many thoughtful UI design approaches for critical monitoring systems .
Figure 1-1 : Example illustration of Observe , Orient , Decide , Act ( OODA ) model .
This conceptualization was developed largely to explain cognitive processes required by humans to react in situations where there is high information density ( complexity ), and high cost of errors in judgement . It is useful to guide system design considerations when life-changing decisions need to be made quickly , but it also works when considering situations where a human is being asked to make an informed decision where there are many facts to consider and process . The outcome of a good user-oriented solution that follows these principles should be good situation awareness , and the right tools to make the correct responses easier to achieve , during both normal and abnormal operating situations . [ 5 ]
Journal of Innovation 71