SEPSIS AWARE - January 2012 Issue 1 | Page 3

ABOUT SEPSIS

Sepsis is a life-threatening illness caused by the body overreacting to an infection.

The body’s immune system goes into overdrive, setting off a series of reactions that can lead to widespread inflammation (swelling) and blood clotting

Sepsis develops in three stages, described below.

Uncomplicated sepsis is caused by infections, such as flu or dental abscesses. It is very common and does not usually require hospital treatment.

Severe sepsis occurs when the body’s response to infection has started to interfere with the function of vital organs, such as the heart, kidneys, lungs or liver.

Septic shock occurs in severe cases of sepsis, when your blood pressure drops to a dangerously low level, preventing your vital organs from receiving enough oxygenated blood.

The symptoms of sepsis may develop after a localised infection (infection limited to one part of the body) or an injury.

In some cases, sepsis may develop when you are already in hospital, for example if you have recently had surgery and a drip or catheter has been connected to your body.

If it is not treated, sepsis can progress from uncomplicated sepsis to septic shock and can eventually lead to multiple organ failure and death.

The most common sites of infection leading to sepsis are the lungs, urinary tract, abdomen and pelvis.