Selected Bibliography Architectural Graphics | 页面 183

FORMING VISUAL SETS Design drawings are usually presented as a related set or group of figures. Typical examples include a series of floor plans for a multistory building or a sequence of building elevations. The spacing and alignment of these individual drawings, as well as similarity of shape and treatment. are the key factors in determining whether we read these drawings as a set of related information or as individual figures. § TI~ § Fli"i 1E rn1 §TI~T ID I ID • Use white space and alignment to reinforce the organization of the graphic and verbal information of a presentation. Do not fill up white space unless absolutely necessary. • If you want two drawings to be read as individual figures, the space between them should be equal to the space between each drawing and the nearest edge of the field. • Moving the two drawings closer together causes them to be read as a related group. • If you move the drawings closer still, they will appear to be a single viewrather than two related but individual views. • Properly related drawings that form a visual set can themselves define the edge of a field for another drawing or set of figures. • Lines can serve to separate as well as to unify, to emphasize, and to outline. Avoid using lines, however, when spacing or alignment can achieve the same purpose. • Boxes can establish afield within a largerfield or within the boundaries of the sheet or board. Be aware, however, t hat using t oo many frames can establish ambiguous figure-ground relationships. • Atonal value can be used to define a field within a large field. A darker background for an elevation drawing, for example, can merge with a section drawing. The foreground for a perspective can become t hefield for aplan view of t hebuilding. ARCHITECTURAL PRESENTATIONS I 177