Pg.no. 51
People with diabetes could fall into a coma if their blood glucose levels suddenly became
very low (hypoglycaemia) or very high (hyperglycaemia).
9. Common cold:
A cold is a mild viral infection of the nose, throat, sinuses and upper airways. It's very
common and usually clears up on its own within a week or two.
The main symptoms of a cold include:
a sore throat
a blocked or runny nose
sneezing
a cough
What to do
There's no cure for a cold, but you can look after yourself at home by:
resting, drinking plenty of fluids and eating healthily
taking over-the-counter painkillers, such as paracetamol or ibuprofen, to reduce
any fever or discomfort
using decongestant sprays or tablets to relieve a blocked nose
trying remedies such as gargling salt water and sucking on menthol sweets
Many painkillers and decongestants are available from pharmacies without a prescription.
They're generally safe for older children and adults to take, but might not be suitable for
babies, young children, pregnant women, people with certain underlying health conditions,
and those taking certain other medications. Speak to a pharmacist if you're unsure.
10. Cough:
A cough is a reflex action to clear your airways of mucus and irritants such as dust or smoke.
It's rarely a sign of anything serious.
A "dry cough" means it's tickly and doesn't produce any phlegm (thick mucus). A "chesty
cough" means phlegm is produced to help clear your airways.
What treatments are available?
Treatment isn't always necessary for mild, short-term coughs because it's likely to be a viral
infection that will get better on its own within a few weeks. You can look after yourself at
home by resting, drinking plenty of fluids, and taking painkillers such
as paracetamol or ibuprofen.