Pg.no. 45
14. Ductile Gland
The word gland means having some
secretion. There are two types of Gland.
1. Exocrine Gland-gland with duct
2. Endocrine Gland-gland without duct
The Exocrine Gland secretes enzymes which
are important for glands secrete hormones.
They are make wonders in our body. The
following are the important Endocrine Gland
(Ductless) present in our body.
The secretion of the ductless glands
(hormones) is carried away by the blood
stream.
Figure 14.1 (Ductile Gland)
1. Pituitary Gland: It is located just below the brain. It is called as the master gland because it
controls the functioning of all other Endocrine Gland. Your growth depends on the pituitary
gland. It secretes growth hormones. A person having less growth hormones remains very
short, a person having much growth hormones becomes very tall (Gigantism). In adults,
excess secretion leads to a condition called acromegaly.
2. Thyroid Gland: It is located in the throat region. It secretes hormones called thyroxine.
The function of thyroxine is to control the rate of metabolism, growth and respiration.
The deficiency of thyroxine hormones in children is known as Cretinism. It slows down
growth and mental development. Sometimes the gland may enlarge causing a disease called
Goiter
3. Pancreas: Pancreas is located just below the stomach in our body. Pancreas is both
exocrine and endocrine. The endocrine part is called Islets of langerhans. It has alpha and
beta cells, which secretes glucagon and insulin. Both control sugar metabolism in our body.
Deficiency of insulin in our body causes a disease known as diabetes mellitus.
4. Adrenal Gland: These are also known as supra renal glands, as they are located just on the
top of our kidneys. It secretes adrenalin hormone. This hormone is produced during stress or
emergency situations. It regulates heart beat, breathing rate, blood pressure, etc.