Science For A Better Tomorrow ... | Page 3

Is Genetic Engineering the Key to a more Sustainable Future? Written by Laila Mottaweh Genetic engineering is no longer the product of imagination or science fiction, but a real-life technology that has the potential to improve the quality of our life! Fact: Did you know that the first genetically modified organism to be created bacteria generated in 1973 and genetically modified mice in 1974? But what is genetic engineering exactly? Genetic engineering refers to a process in which we manipulate the genetic make up (or DNA) of an organism. This could mean adding, deleting, silencing, swapping or combining sequences of DNA. The slightest changes in the genetic sequence can produce incredible changes in an organism, and we would call the resulting organism: a genetically modified organism (GMO). This technology can be applicable to animals, plants and microorganism. For example, genetic engineering can be used to produce plants that have a higher nutritional content and can tolerate herbicides. Or, it could be used to treat hereditary diseases and prevent them from passing through to future generations. It could also allow people with family histories of diseases, such as cancer, to "fix" their genetic predisposition to the disease. Genetic engineering has already helped us overcome a lot of challenges like cystic fibrosis, diabetes, and several other diseases. This technology intersects with so many sectors of society, such as medicine, agriculture, industrial, research, conservation and even entertainment; that we don’t doubt we’ll be able to accomplish all sorts of things that we now think are impossible in the near future, such as increasing the life span of your favorite pet! However, we need to be careful, as we cannot predict how genetically engineered species could create an ecological problem, as it has the ability to cause an imbalance in the ecology of a region. Scientists, politicians, thinkers and philosophers are all working together to conceive of the risks and limitations of this new technology as to avoid any potential ecological disaster. What do you think about genetic engineering? Is it something you would endorse? 2