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the bacterium and added to a petri dish with the same specific restriction endonuclease enzyme (ECOR-I) to cut through it making another complementary pair of sticky ends. Now that both the Insulin gene and the vector are ready, they are both transferred into a petri dish along with Ligase enzyme which is added to combine both together forming the recombinant DNA .
Now that the recombinant DNA is obtained, it is inserted into its bacterial host by placing them in a petri dish with Calcium ions or by allowing an electric charge to pass through it to alter the bacterial membrane permeability and allowing it to take in the recombinant DNA. Meanwhile, a bacterium with manipulated Genome is obtained.
Although this method has been tried before, using bacteria for producing insulin has been proved not very efficient. That’s because insulin is a complex protein and bacteria are prokaryotes and most do not have essential organelles to produce insulin such as the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum or the Golgi Apparatus located in the human cell. Therefore, yeast is used instead as it is an Eukaryotic cell and has the needed organelles for Insulin Production. Thanks for the technology that never failed to boast our morale!
By Aya Abdel salam el osh
a bacterial plasmid as bacteria divide quickly and produce a large amount of insulin when placed in a fermenter .To prepare it, the plasmid will be extracted from bacterium