Science 101 Dec 2013 | Page 17

MATCHES Hazem Bahaa Fire, one of the most vital elements for everyday life, for thousands of centuries, humans used to rub sticks together to light a fire, and fire was one of the main elements that helped in the development of human beings. Today, lighting a fire is absolutely no big deal, and we now take it for granted, because we are now advanced enough, we have developed methods of generating fires chemically. It would probably be surprise to many people to know that these chemical methods were actually invented by mistake.      " In 1680 an English man named Robert Boyle made the first attempt of lighting a fire chemically, he discovered that rubbing sulfur with phosphorus would generate fire much easier. He explained that the fire was not caused by friction, but by the characteristics of phosphorus and sulfur themselves. From now and then, a lot of fire generating devices were created from the idea of rubbing sulfur and phosphorous, but they were all exhausting, dangerous and unpractical.   In 1826, a chemist called John Walker was preparing a pot of chemicals and he was stirring them with a wooden spoon, when he was done, he noticed that a lump was formed on the end of the spoon. As walker was trying to remove the lump by READ IT dragging the spoon on the floor, friction caused the lump of chemicals – although they did not contain any phosphorus or sulfur – to surprisingly burst into flame…the idea of friction matches was born. So although that the first attempts to generate a controlled fire failed, the matches that we use today were invented by mistake. So now you could start imagining how our life would have looked like if the English pharmacist John Walker would not have tried to remove the lump of chemicals formed on the edge of his wooden spoon… 16