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SAEVA Congress 2018 Proceedings | 12-15 February 2018 | ATKV Goudini Spa 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. a comparison of ultrasonography, radiography and physical examination. Equine Vet J. 2007;39:158-163. McAuliffe SB. Abdominal ultrasonography of the foal. Clin Tech Equine Pract 2004;3:308-316. McGladdery A. Ultrasonography as an aid to the diagnosis of equine colic. Equine Vet Educ 1992;4:248- 251. Muscatello G. Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in the foal--part 2: diagnostics, treatment and disease management. Vet J. 2012;192:27-33. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2011.08.009. Epub 2011 Oct 28. Navas de Solis CN, Palmer JE, Boston RC, Reef VB. The importance of ultrasonographic pneumatosis intestinalis in equine neonatal gastrointestinal disease. Equine Vet J Suppl. 2012;(41):64-68. Neil KM, Charman RE, Vasey JR. Rib osteomyelitis in three foals. Aust Vet J. 2010;88:96-100. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2009.00547. Ramirez S, Lester GD, Roberts GR. Diagnostic contribution of thoracic ultrasonography in 17 foals with 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. Rhodococcus equi pneumonia.Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2004;45:172-176. Reef VB: Pediatric abdominal ultrasonography. In: Reef VB (Ed). Equine Diagnostic Ultrasound, Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co. 1998;364-403. Reef VB. Equine pediatric ultrasonography. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 1991;13:1277-1285. Reef VB, Collatos CA. Ultrasonography of umbilical structures in clinically normal foals. Am J Vet Res, 1988;49:2143-2146. Reef VB, Collatos, CA, Spencer PA, et al. Clinical, ultrasonographic and surgical findings in foals with umbilical remnant infections. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1989;195:69-72. Reef VB. Sonographic diagnosis of uroperitoneum in foals and horses. Proc 13th Annu Vet Med Forum 1995;13:582-584. Reimer JM. Ultrasonography of umbilical remnant infections in foals. Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract, 1993;38:247-248. NEUROLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF THE HORSE – KNOWING THE BASICS Warwick Bayly BVSc, MS, PhD, Dip ACVIM College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman WA, USA Outline: Introduction Neurological examination Nature of lesion and its cause Organic disease Functional disease Mental status Cranial nerves Gait and posture Assessment of the tail and anus Tactile and deep pain perception Spinal reflexes and recumbency Summary of signs with lesions at specific areas of the spinal cord Ancillary testing CSF analysis 126