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  42% of these being in the USA. While there are occasional indications for this class of antimicrobials, mechanisms to restrict their use in equine practice is vital. Consultation with clinical microbiologists or infection control specialists within multidisciplinary centres could provide a method for ‘approval’ of these medicines and demonstrate self-imposed stewardship that mimics controls present in human health care. Conclusions Through the development of a template to allow veterinary practices to develop standardized treatment protocols we have shown that antibiotic stewardship is achievable and effective in equine practice. These protocols are only effective if staff within the team show a long term commitment to responsible antibiotic usage. Clinical outcomes are not compromised by such policies. References 1. Morley, P.S., Apley, M.D., Besser, T.E., Burney, D.P., Fedorka-Cray, P.J., Papich, M.G., Traub-Dargatz, J.L. and Weese, J.S. (2005) Antimicrobial drug use in veterinary medicine. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 19, 617-629. 2. Williams, A., Christley, R.M., McKane, S.A., Roberts, V.L., Clegg, P.D. and Williams, N.J. (2013) Antimicrobial resistance changes in enteric Escherichia coli of horses during hospitalisation: resistance profiling of isolates. Vet. J. 195, 121-126. 3. Schoster, A., Staempfli, H.R., Arroyo, L.G., Reid-Smith, R.J., Janecko, N., Shewen, P.E. and Weese, J.S. (2012) Longitudinal study of Clostridium difficile and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli in healthy horses in a community setting. Vet. Microbiol. 159, 364-370. 4. Ahmed, M.O., Clegg, P.D., Williams, N.J., Baptiste, K.E. and Bennett, M. (2010) Antimicrobial resistance in equine faecal Escherichia coli isolates from North West England. Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob. 9, 12. Epub doi: 10.1186/1476-0711-9-12. 5. Keller, R.L. and Hendrix, D.V. (2005) Bacterial isolates and antimicrobial susceptibilities in equine bacterial ulcerative keratitis (1993-2004). Equine Vet. J. 37, 207-211. 6. Hartmann, F.A., Trostle, S.S. and Klohnen, A.A. (1997) Isolation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from a postoperative wound infection in a horse. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 211, 590-592. 7. Snyder, J.R., Pascoe, J.R. and Hirsh, D.C. (1987) Antimicrobial susceptibility of microorganisms isolated from equine orthopedic patients. Vet. 7W&r